A technique for the examination of specimens at low electron beam intensity has been presented. Sections micrographed with this technique showed numerous knife scratches and frequently contained bands running parallel to the knife edge. Banding with an average spacing of 0.2 micro appeared to result from periodic distortion produced by impact of the knife. At the beam intensities customarily em...

Balanced (exponential) growth cannot be generalized to a concept which would not require knife-edge conditions to be imposed on dynamic models. Already the assumption that a solution to a dynamical system (i.e. time path of an economy) satisfies a given functional regularity imposes at least one knife-edge assumption on the considered model. In particular, regular (quasi-arithmetic) growth requ...

BACKGROUND Previous research has suggested that the silicon BD Atomic Edge knife has superior performance characteristics when compared to a metal knife and performance similar to diamond knife when making various incisions. This study was designed to determine whether a silicon accurate depth knife has equivalent performance characteristics when compared to a diamond limbal relaxing incision (...

In this paper, radio wave propagation over irregular terrain is investigated in 200–600MHz (VHF/UHF band). Measured results are compared with different path loss models such as Fresnel knife edge diffraction and uniform theory of diffraction (UTD). It is shown that, for low antenna heights, using a combination of the two-ray path loss model and knife-edge diffraction, great improvement in path ...

We present a technique that allows measuring the field of an x-ray line focus using far-field intensity measurements only. One-dimensional phase retrieval with transverse translation diversity is used to recover a hard x-ray beam focused by a compound kinoform lens. The reconstruction is found to be in good agreement with independent knife-edge scan measurements taken at separated planes. The a...

The knife-edge method is a commonly used technique to characterize the optical profiles of laser beams or focused spots. In this paper, we present a micro knife-edge scanner fabricated in a silicon-on-insulator substrate using the micro-electromechanical-system technology. A photo detector can be fabricated in the device to allow further integration with on-chip signal conditioning circuitry. A...

In cutting thin sections of dense tissue such as bone, much depends on the integrity of the glass knife edge. The method of breaking the glass by first scoring it into strips has certain limitations. These strips have irregular edges be-T]~xT-Fm. 1. Plan of piece of plate glass. cause they break along the strain lines introduced by the glass cutter and it follows that the cutting edge of the kn...

SURGEONS have always searched for sharper cutting instruments whether it be needles, scissors, or knives. The stainless steel blade has until recently been the sharpest knifeedge, but diamond knives$ are much sharper. The diamonds are of gem quality and the blades were developed originally for sectioning biological materials especially for electron microscopy. This paper presents their use in m...