PURPOSE We investigate the dependence of the kinematics of the human knee on its anatomy. The idea of describing the kinematics of the knee in the sagittal plane using four-bar linkage is almost as old as kinematics as an independent discipline. We start with a comparison of known four-bar linkage constructions. We then focus on the model by H. Nägerl which is applicable under form closure. M...

Cadaveric in vitro studies are essential to test hypotheses concerning surgical manipulations in the same individual. Robotic technologies as well as different knee-models have been developed to get an in-depth comprehension of knee joint kinematics. The purpose of this study was to compare utilization of these different established principles.Ten human cadaveric knee specimens were used to mea...

Total knee arthroplasty is a successful procedure to treat pain and functional disability due to osteoarthritis. However, precisely how a total knee arthroplasty changes the kinematics of an osteoarthritic knee is unknown. We used a surgical navigation system to measure normal passive kinematics from 7 embalmed cadaver lower extremities and in vivo intraoperative passive kinematics on 17 patien...

BACKGROUND Femoroacetabular impingement is a debilitating hip condition commonly affecting athletes playing American football. The condition is associated with reduced hip range of motion; however, little is known about the range-of-motion demands of football athletes. This knowledge is critical to effective management of this condition. PURPOSE To (1) develop a normative database of game-lik...

BACKGROUND We describe the features of modern and historical bicruciate-retaining (BCR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implants compared with other TKA implant designs, reviewing kinematics, proprioception, operative technique, and clinical results. METHODS We performed a review based on PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Plus, and Cochrane databases from January 1990 to April 2016 using combinations of t...

The menisci are important knee structures that are often ignored in computational models of the knee. Previous work on this project has shown that representation of the menisci significantly reduces the contact forces and pressures on the articulating surfaces of the tibia and femur [1]. The purpose of this study was to examine the significance of the menisci on tibio-femoral kinematics. Improv...

CONTEXT Decreased flexibility in muscles and joints of lower extremities is commonly observed in runners. Understanding the effect of decreased flexibility on knee walking kinematics in runners is important because, over time, altered gait patterns can make runners vulnerable to overuse injuries or degenerative pathologies. OBJECTIVES To compare hamstring and iliotibial-band (ITB) flexibility...

Measurement of the changes of the three-dimensional (3D) motion and surface kinematics of the knee under different external loading conditions is essential for the understanding and evaluation of the function of the joint, as well as for relevant clinical applications. Knee extension exercise (KEE) has been applied extensively in the rehabilitation programs of patients with various knee disorde...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Postoperative anterior knee pain is one of the most frequent complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Changes in patellar kinematics after TKA relative to the preoperative arthritic knee are not well understood. We compared the patellar kinematics preoperatively with the kinematics after ligament-balanced navigated TKA. PATIENTS AND METHODS We measured patella...