To develop an accurate, compact and sensitive optical sensor capable of performing non-invasive instantaneous measurements of the rate of dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy TKE (E [m2/s3]). Turbulence dissipation rates provide vital information to determine mixing processes in the water column. In addition, enables the scaling information needed to link large mixing events with smallscale ...

This investigation examined inertial effects on work output during isokinetic concentric knee extension and eccentric knee flexion. Total work (Wtotal) included work due to kinetic energy (Wkin), with respect to gravity (Wgrav), and against the dynamometer (Wdyn). Eighteen resistance-trained participants (9 males, 9 females) performed maximal voluntary concentric (90, 150, 210, 270 deg/s) and e...

[1] High-resolution measurements of near-bottom temperature stratification and current velocity were performed on the sloping boundary of a large lake at the depth of the seasonal thermocline. The measurements cover nearly the entire stratified period and reveal the periodic occurrence of strong temperature and current velocity fluctuations, which can be attributed to shoaling high-frequency in...

climatological study of the mid-latitude storm tracks was investigated using the daily global forecast system (gfs) and the national centers for environmental prediction (ncep) reanalysis data sets from 1948 to 2008 winter seasons. in anomalous winter 2007-2008, decreasing of eddy kinetic energy along with the reduction of eddy available potential energy upstream of atlantic storm track are rel...

cylinder tumble flows of a single cylinder two-valve engine under motoring conditions with two pentroof pistons having different cavities at an engine speed of 1000 rev/min., during suction and compression strokes using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The two-dimensional velocity vector fields are analyzed on a vertical plane passing through the axis of the cylinder. To quantify the tumble fl...

A numerical model was used to simulate the bottom Ekman layer of a continental shelf region. The basis for the model was the Mellor and Yamada level 2« turbulence closure scheme. Conservation equations for momentum, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent length scale were utilized in the model. The model was used to simulate data taken from a Cyclesonde mooring on the Peruvian continental shel...

Density functional theory (DFT) provides a formally exact framework for performing embedded subsystem electronic structure calculations, including DFT-in-DFT and wavefunction theory-in-DFT descriptions. In the interest of efficiency, it is desirable to truncate the atomic orbital basis set in which the subsystem calculation is performed, thus avoiding high-order scaling with respect to the size...

Peak systolic pulmonary valvar pressure gradients are frequently seen in large intracardiac left-to-right shunt lesions. Conventionally, this has been attributed to "relative" pulmonic stenosis. Theoretical considerations suggest that this gradient is due to differences in expression of the total fluid energy. The side pressure, the downstream pressure, the end pressure, and the flow velocity i...

This paper reviews kinetic energy harvesting as a potential localised power supply for wireless applications. Harvesting devices are typically implemented as resonant devices of which the power output depends upon the size of the inertial mass, the frequency and amplitude of the driving vibrations, the maximum available mass displacement and the damping. Three transduction mechanisms are curren...