Most work in intelligent design systems suffers from the limitation that the space of all possible structures that the system is capable of generating is represented in a fixed symbolic language which serves as a support for search. In this research, we investigate techniques for reasoning about a nonenumerable space of possible structures, for which such representations cannot be constructed. ...

The Discrete Absorption Components (DACs) commonly observed in the ultraviolet lines of hot stars have previously been modelled by dynamical simulations of Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) in their linedriven stellar winds. Here we apply the kinematic DAC inversion method of Brown et al. to the hydrodynamical CIR models and test the reliability of the results obtained. We conclude that the...

S U M M A R Y We develop a frequency-based approach to earthquake slip inversion that requires no prior information on the rupture velocity or slip-rate functions. Because the inversion is linear and is performed separately at each frequency, it is computationally efficient and suited to imaging the finest resolvable spatial details of rupture. We demonstrate the approach on synthetic seismogra...

[1] We have developed a systematic nonlinear inversion method for estimating rupture propagation and the underlying dynamic parameters for large historical earthquakes. The rupture modeling is carried out using a three-dimensional finite-difference method, and the inversion is implemented by a neighbourhood algorithm, minimizing the misfit between computed and observed near-fault seismograms. W...

Though it is well known that landing in an excessively inverted and plantar-flexed position commonly causes lateral ankle sprains, this landing motion has not been well studied for its effects on the knee joint. This study examines the effects of landing surface inclinations on knee kinematics during drop landing. Twelve recreational athletes performed five drop landings from an overhead bar wi...

Muscle-based models of the human face produce high quality animation but rely on recorded muscle activity signals or synthetic muscle signals often derived by trial and error. In this paper we present a dynamic inversion of a muscle-based model [1] that permits the animation to be created from kinematic recordings of facial movements. Using a nonlinear optimizer (Powell’s algorithm) the inversi...

A method for inverting the statistical star counts equation, including proper motions, is presented; in order to break the degeneracy in that equation it uses the supplementary constraints required by dynamical consistency. The inversion gives access to both the kinematics and the luminosity function of each population in three régimes: the singular ellipsoid, the constant ratio Schwarzschild e...

Study Design: A 2 × 4 mixed-design ANOVA with a fixed factor of group (posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction [PTTD] and asymptomatic controls), and a repeated factor of phase of stance (loading response, midstance, terminal stance, and preswing). Objective: To compare 3-dimensional stance period kinematics (rearfoot eversion/inversion, medial longitudinal arch [MLA] angle, and forefoot abductio...

Numerical inversions for earthquake source parameters from tsunami wave data usually incorporate subjective elements to stabilize the search. In addition, noisy and possibly insufficient data result in instability and non-uniqueness in most deterministic inversions, which are barely acknowledged. Here, we employ the satellite altimetry data for the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman tsunami event to invert t...