the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (ckd), as defined by the nfk-kdoqi (the national kidney foundation kidney disease outcomes quality initiative) guidelines, is a glomerular filtration rate less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or the presence of microalbuminuria. ckd is increasing worldwide, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. there is general agreement on the importance of an ...

background the most common complications during dialysis are hypotension and muscle cramps. there are many strategies to prevent and treat these complications. objectives the aim of this study is to evaluate effects of vitamin e and l-carnitine supplementation alone and in combination on intradialytic complications. patients and methods in a prospective study, 20 patients with end stage renal d...

background exertional heat stroke (ehs) is still a main cause of death in sport. many of ehs complications could have been prevented if ehs had been recognized and treated early and properly. case presentation we report an unusual case of multiple organ failure caused by ehs due to intensive sportive activities in a hot environment with lack of primary care. a 35-year-old healthy sportive man w...

background: recent interests have mainly focused on the roles of serum calcium and phosphorus and their product (ca-p product) in the development of valvular heart disease. the present study assessed the relationship between the ca-p product and the severity of valvular heart disease in end-stage renal disease (esrd) patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. methods: this cross-sectional study ...

conclusions dialysis with cool dialysate is a simple and cheap nondrug method, which was readily accepted by the patients. this method could significantly reduce the severity of pruritus in patients during dialysis. results before the intervention, there was no significant between-group difference in the severity of pruritus (p < 0.05). after the intervention, the severity of pruritus was signi...

background many studies have been done on the epidemiology of hepatitis e on general population, but the data among patients with end stage renal disease (esrd) are few and give conflicting results. objectives the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection and its relationship in esrd patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (hd). patients and m...

the objective of this review is to explore the link between smoking and the development of chronic kidney disease (ckd) in generally healthy populations without pre-existing renal dysfunction such as diabetic nephropathy. twenty-eight epidemiological studies concerning the renal effects of smoking in the general population were collected from the medline database and were reviewed for indicatio...

background in addition to physical adaptation and psychosocial adjustment to chronic renal disease, hemodialysis (hd) patients must also adapt to dialysis therapy plan. objectives the aim of the present study was to examine the effect of roy’s adaptation model-based patient education on adaptation of hd patients. patients and methods this study is a semi-experimental research that was conducted...

background endothelial injury is a well-known complication in chronic kidney disease (ckd) and hemodialysis. one of the sites in which early vascular changes may be detected is the retina. of course, these flow changes may not be detected in ophthalmologic exams, but it seems that color doppler sonography of retinal arteries may be helpful in these cases. objectives in previous studies on ckd p...