The paper considers the main images of epos through comparative analysis Yakut olonkho with Turkic-Mongol peoples Siberia. author analyzed characters, their enemies, and female characters. defenders Middle World, exhibited features an ideal person, exorbitant physical strength, attractive appearance, high moral qualities. enemies character are mythological creatures monsters. S.S. Surazakov cla...

The article considers the confirmation of Kazakh khans as subjects Russian Empire. implementation institute has become a new tool Russia’s influence on elite. publication allows us to imagine how border officials tried introduce mechanisms control over Kazakhs. lack military and political resources forced administrators use symbolic in their relations with One these, along oath, was ruler by kh...

Research objectives: To establish the degree of equivalence for status Nogai Horde in comparison with Tatar khanates that arose after collapse Golden Horde. materials: Russian-Nogai embassy books and documents about those living Russia 16th–17th centuries, writings pertaining to noble people from East. Results scientific novelty study: The Horde, until last third 16th century, retained institut...

Cities in the Eurasian steppes, a core of nomadic empires, are rare. Erecting city from scratch is even less typical. However, Khar Khul Khaany Balgas, situated north Khangai Mountains central Mongolia, such an exceptional example, never built over by subsequent settlements. Overlooked until now because researchers dated its latest settlement phase into 17th century a.d., first radiocarbon date...

Research objectives: Examination of the controversial and unresolved linguistic textual issues in Kadyr Ali-bek’s work “Jami al-tawarikh”. materials: For study, “original” dastans related to Turkic-Tatar history were utilized. In general, consists three parts: madhya (eulogy) Boris Fedorovich Godunov, translation part Rashid al-Din about khans their protégée Idegei. Results novelty research: th...

Since people started exchanging goods and services for money, they have been going shopping a multitude of reasons. Shopping activity first out with khans bazaars, which were later replaced by malls street stores. Today, there are store types that can choose according to their socio-economic status, lifestyles, many variables. Luxury brands stores also included in this category. There some mark...

Abstract By the time of Kublai’s death, Mongol Empire had fractured into four separate khanates or empires including Golden Horde [Kipchak] in northwest, Chagatai Khanate Central Asia, Ilkhanate, based modern-day Iran, and Yuan Dynasty east. Although burial architecture their funeral ritual have been foci archaeologist, there no convincing conclusions about other branches Empire. According to h...