A hierarchical framework is proposed to address the issues of modeling different type of words in keyword spotting (KWS). Keyword models are built at various levels according to the availability of training set resources for each individual word. The proposed approach improves the performance of KWS even when no training speech is available for the keywords. It also suggests an easier way to co...

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Knowledge of the nutrient content of foods is fundamental for virtually all nutrition-related projects, programmes and policies. Low quality compositional data may lead to inappropriate policies and funds spent unnecessarily. Existing food composition tables (FCT) for most West African countries date back to 1960 and 1970 and contain in general few foods and components without documentation. As...

The objective of this paper is two-fold. On one hand, it seeks to measure the direct effect cross-border trade on dynamism economies countries such as Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Morocco and Nigeria from 1971 2020. other aims verify possibility establishing a link between volume trade, dynamics certain variables (currency, population, income) growth. results show that states in same zone (E...