A hierarchical framework is proposed to address the issues of modeling different type of words in keyword spotting (KWS). Keyword models are built at various levels according to the availability of training set resources for each individual word. The proposed approach improves the performance of KWS even when no training speech is available for the keywords. It also suggests an easier way to co...

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An Investigation of the Process of Developing the I.R. Iran’s National Curriculum N. Salsabili, Ph.D. Developing curricula has a complex process in which many needs assessments and pathological studies are conducted before a program is designed. To ascertain that such a process was undertaken in the case of recently designed national curriculum in Iran, a field study consisting ...

The focus of the study is to understand the factors of curriculum innovation from the perspective of Language teacher education. The overall aim of the study is to investigate Language educators’ perceptions of factors of curriculum innovation. In the theoretical framework the main focus is on discussion about different curriculum approaches for language teacher education and limiting and facil...

one of the problems that the educational system in islamic countries encountered with them is dogmatism and consequently skepticism .this dogmatism and skepticism can be scientific, religious or philosophical. due to these dogmatism and skepticism, educational systems go toward exclusivism in its educational goals and curriculum, or also go toward doubt or negation of the other educational prog...