Aggregation is a key feature of traditional risk management strategies. Financial institutions securitize assets and property insurers hold bundles of policies across many lines of business. With independent assets and risks with thin tails, the law of large numbers (LLN) and the central limit theorem (CLT) assure risk benefits from aggregation: the standard deviation of the sum increases slowe...

importance of risk and uncertainty in financial markets became more apparent after financial crisis in 2007. volatility is the most important measure of risk in financial markets. thus, modeling volatility of financial markets is one of the important issues in finance and economics. in this paper first we tried to specify key features of volatility of daily returns of tehran stock exchange pric...

While the form of crises may change, their essence remains the same (such as a cycle of abundant liquidity, rapid credit growth, and a low-inflation environment followed by an asset-price bubble). The current market turbulence began in mid-2000s when the US economy shifted to imbalanced both internal and external macroeconomic positions. We see two key causes of these problems – loose US moneta...

Gordon Clark is surely right when he declares that ‘people are often unable to conceptualize immediate circumstances against market forces that operate beyond the boundaries of current experience and at levels or scales that appear abstract rather than material to the interests of those involved’. In this commentary, I claim that the description of the interactions between behavioral predisposi...

The aim of this paper is to explore, empirically, the channels of crisis transmission with regard to the Global financial crisis. EMP-based crisis proxy is used for eight countries, which include Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Mexico and Russia. The period considered for estimation was Q1 2001 Q2 2010. Based on the Vector AutoRegression (VAR) and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS...

BACKGROUND It is widely acknowledged that austerity measures in the wake of the global financial crisis are starting to undermine population health results. Yet, few research studies have focused on the ways in which the financial crisis and the ensuing 'Great Recession' have affected health equity, especially through their impact on social determinants of health; neither has much attention bee...