Abstract The Pannonian Basin is a sediment-filled back-arc basin which was formed during the Late Paleogene–Neogene period. Such sedimentary rocks like bauxites or kaolinites, are important with regard to industry in region, products of former weathering processes. However, our knowledge about palaeoenvironmental conditions led formation these mineral resources has not yet been integrated. For ...

Mosul and Haditha dams are two large earthfill in Iraq constructed on the Tigris Euphrates rivers, respectively. The were almost at same period mid-eighties of last century. Both suffer from karstification within their foundations. In former, however, problem is more severe than latter. Dam was karstified gypsum limestone beds; different grouting techniques used, but works still going to keep d...

Gypsum dissolution leads to the development of karstic features within much shorter timescales than in other sedimentary rocks, potentially leading rapid deterioration groundwater quality and increasing risk catastrophes caused by subsidence. Here, we present a 2-D reactive transport model evaluate gypsum karstification physically chemically heterogeneous systems. The considers low-permeability...