Structural analysis of the promoters of several endothelial genes induced at sites of inflammatory or immune responses reveals binding sites for the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B). Endothelial cells express transcripts encoding the p50/p105 and p65 components of NF-kappa B and the rel-related proto-oncogene c-rel; steady state levels of these transcripts are transientl...

Ascorbate-enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-activated macrophage J774.1 cells through the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway. The iNOS gene was synergistically induced by LPS and IFN-gamma. The inductive mechanism of ascorbate on the iNOS gene was studied by examining the degradation of I kappa B alpha by Western blot...

background: microglial cells act as the sentinel of the central nervous system .they are involved in neuroprotection but are highly implicated in neurodegeneration of the aging brain. when over-activated, microglia release pro-inflammatory factors, such as nitric oxide (no) and cytokines, which are critical in eliciting neuroinflammatory responses associated with neurodegenerative diseases. thi...

The V kappa10 family of murine light chain Ig genes is composed of three members, two of which (V kappa 10A and V kappa 10B) are well used. V kappa 10C, the third member of this family, is not detected in any expressed Abs. Our previous work showed that V kappa 10C is structurally functional and can recombine, but mRNA levels in spleen were extremely low relative to those of V kappa 10A and V k...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are used as signaling molecules in T cell activation. One of the main targets of ROS is the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B). NF-kappa B-dependent transcription is inhibited by antioxidants, and the activation is induced or potentiated by ROS. However, chronic oxidative stress is known to reduce the activation of T cells and NF-kappa B. To a...

calcification and inflammation are among the important cases of exudative age-related macular degeneration (e-armd). the aim of the present study was to elucidate if there is any relationship between serum osteoprotegerin (opg), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa b ligand (rank-ligand) and e-armd. in a cross-sectional study, we compared 45 e-armd patients with 45 matched control...

alcoholic liver disease (ald) is the main cause of chronic liver disease across the world and can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis. the etiopathogenesis of ald is related to ethanol-induced oxidative stress, glutathione reduction, abnormal methionine metabolism, malnutrition, and production of endotoxins that activate kupffer cells. curcumin is an active ingredient of the rhizome of turmeric. the...