Children can be exposed to toxic elements in toys and jewelry following ingestion. As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Sb bioavailability was assessed (n = 24) via the in vitro gastrointestinal protocol (IVG), the physiologically based extraction test (PBET), and the European Toy Safety Standard protocol (EN 71-3), and health risks were characterized. Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb were mobilized from 19 metallic toys...

A comprehensive review of oral and perioral piercing is presented. This contemporary phenomenon has many implications for the piercee and for the oral healthcare professional. Oral and perioral piercing, which have become prevalent recently, both have historical antecedents. The implications of piercing are described in detail including sites at the tongue, lips, cheeks, frenum, and uvula. Comp...

Numbers of complications have been reported as a result of wearing body jewelry during surgical work-up, perioperative management and during surgical procedures. However, there is a paucity of published data regarding the clinical implications and considerations that physicians should deliberate when encountering the surgical patient with body piercings. We performed a thorough Medline literatu...

The composition of the surface layer of 13 low-cost jewelry samples with a high Cd content was analyzed using an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED XRF). The analyzed jewels were obtained in cooperation with the Czech Environmental Inspectorate. The jewels were leached in two types of artificial sweat (acidic and alkaline) for 7 days. Twenty microliters of the resulting solut...

This paper describes the adoption processes of business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce (e-commerce) by Noble Jewelry Limited (Hong Kong), a jewelry manufacturer. By using a website of Noble Jewelry Limited (Noble), iJewelry.com, a B2B e-commerce platform that links Noble with its customers and suppliers, the driving force for B2B e-commerce adoption changed significantly and rapidly. Sta...

coral is one of the richest ecosystems in the world and divided into two major groups. first group consist of soft corals living in tropical and semitropical oceans and seas. people in the past used these kinds of coral to make jewelry and decorative objects. second group contains hard coral which have been used as construction material in coastal zones. this paper presents the role of corals i...

Combinatorial creativity combines existing concepts in a novel way in order to produce new concepts. For example, we can imagine jewelry that measures blood pressure. For this, we would combine the concept of jewelry with the capabilities of medical devices. Combinatorial creativity can be used to develop new business ideas, to find plots for books or movies, or simply to disrupt conventional t...

The paper proposes a method for rapid prototyping (RP) fractal geometry represented objects. RP technology has made possible the physical fabrication of solid freeform objects. However, contemporary CAD/CAM/RP systems are developed for Euclidean geometry and are incapable of handling self-similar fractal objects (e.g. jewelry products). To address the problem, a Radial-Annular Tree (RAT) data s...