seismic retrofit strategies have been developed in the past few decades following the introduction of new seismic provisions and the availability of advanced materials and methods. it can be observed that new approaches to deal with more lateral forces are more innovative and more energy absorbent. in line with this, there is a growing trend toward the use of steel shear walls as a system with ...

abstract birbery and corruption and other criminal and as such is one of social phenomena , and i can firmly say that society is protected and safe from harm , this is criminal . eache community is familiar with these crimes and the crime associated ( direct or indirect ) with the political economic , social , and cultural beliefs and religious issues , especially with the community . admitted...

Increasing urbanization today and the lack of integrated urban management have led to inadequate planning in cities. In this regard, the local councils, as the most prominent local institutions and the most important decentralization manifestations, symbolize the serious presence of the people to determine their own fate, if they are institutionalized in the governance structure as coordinators...

the purpose of this study was to examine the status of supervision on departments’ heads at ferdowsi university of mashhad (fum) and realize some applied themes to provide a fit model for supervising departments’ heads in fum. the method was case study under a research category aimed for applied one. using purposive sampling, interviews were conducted with top fum managers, head departments, an...

abstract this quasi-experimental study was aimed at examining the impact of storyline complexity on the grammatical accuracy and complexity of advanced and intermediate efl learners. a total of 65 advanced and intermediate efl learners were selected from iran language institute (ili). an intact group including 35 intermediate participants and another intact group with 30 advanced participants ...

Borders are known as places where government institutions implement their own law in a variety of ways and forms. Given the different approaches to border control and management, it can be seen that this issue is still viewed as a security issue in developing countries, including Iran, and most of the approaches related to this are from a purely security perspective. The boundary view must be m...

 Abstract: One of the most important geo-political variables influencing the country's fate is the energy variable and one of the ways that Iran can increase its national security factor is to pay attention to foreign policy based on security and transit of energy (oil and gas). In the new geo-economic territories, Iran plays a vital role in the Middle East region in general and in the Persian...