Key institutions of the pre-modern Middle Eastern economy, all grounded in Islamic law, blocked the development of democratic institutions. This talk identifies three mechanisms that played critical roles. Islam's original tax system failed to produce lasting and credible constraints on governance. The waqfs (Islamic trusts) founded to provide social services to designated constituencies were p...

There are few other specialties in psychiatry where the cultural nature and social norms of a society has more impact than the specialty of forensic psychiatry. In the Muslim and Arab worlds, Islamic principles govern the foundation of thoughts required to make laws. Those necessarily include legal issues in psychiatry. The impact of these matters on individuals as patients and the community at...

Software is the core for computer-based applications became an essential part for critical control systems, health and human life guard systems, financial and banking systems, scientific and educational, entertainments and other systems. Software is the core for such applications. It requires qualified software engineers: professionally and ethically. Literature review (L.R) and survey results ...

This paper AU :1 searches for the universal epistemological foundations of socioscientific theory. Within this quest there is no parochial domain of the Islamic, for the Islamic idea finds itself in methodological, consistent, explanatory, and applied and inferential ways in the domain of what Barrow (1991) refers to as ‘‘everything.’’ Thus, the methodology that is inherent and is to be introdu...

: in this article the presence of women in islamic society has been addressed. women has been discussed in three social, economic, and scientific areas. the relation between the islamic jurisdiction and social presence of women has been studied based on the act and tradition of the prophet and imams. moreover, this article examines how much the islamic rulers adhere to the islamic acts and trad...

Culture is a set of norms that a society or a group of people set to live peaceful life and every member of that group has to follow these norms. These norms changes with the passage of the time. The socio-cultural factors that exert their influence within a family structure are belief, values, attitudes, acculturation levels, socialization goals and practices for modeling behaviours, communica...

This paper examines Hồi giáo, a state-recognized religion translated as “Islam” in Vietnam, and will focus on the Islamic religious practices of the Cham Bani, one of two groups of Muslims in Vietnam. While it is recognized that diverse Islamic religious practices have taken root in various areas, there is a tendency to view religious practices such as the Quran recital, Ramadan, Salat, and so ...

Although a millennium ago the Middle East was not an economic laggard, by the 18 century it exhibited clear signs of economic backwardness. The reason for this transformation is that certain components of the region’s legal infrastructure stagnated as their Western counterparts gave way to the modern economy. Among the institutions that generated evolutionary bottlenecks are the Islamic law of ...