Diabetic patients are at risk for spontaneous foot ulcers, chronic wounds, infections, and tissue necrosis. Current theories suggest that the development and progression of diabetic foot ulcers are mainly caused by arteriosclerosis and peripheral neuropathy. Tissue necrosis plays a primordial role in the progression of diabetic foot ulcers but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Th...

It is well known that ischemia causes neuronal necrosis in selectively vulnerable sectors of the hippocampus. Since the hippocampus is involved in spatial navigation, learning, and memory, selective deficits in these areas may arise from ischemic brain damage. The objective of this study was to test whether a minimal ischemic insult, producing selective neuronal necrosis restricted to only a po...

PURPOSE To evaluate effects of ischemic preconditioning and Cilostazol on muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS Male Wistar rats were submitted to muscle ischemic and reperfusion injury (4h of the left common iliac artery occlusion followed by 1h of reperfusion). Five experimental groups were constituted: Control group (n=4); Ischemia-Reperfusion (IR, n=5); Ischemic preconditioning grou...

Black esophagus or acute esophageal necrosis rarely occurs after severe hemodynamic compromise or low-flow states. Other contributing factors may include corrosive injury from gastric contents and diminished mucosal repair mechanisms. Ischemic cholangitis, another rare clinical entity, is also usually the result of a significant vascular and/or hypotensive insult to the biliary tree. We describ...

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the most important cause of cerebral damage and long-term neurological sequelae in the perinatal period both in term and preterm infant. Hypoxic-ischemic (H-I) injuries develop in two phases: the ischemic phase, dominated by necrotic processes, and the reperfusion phase, dominated by apoptotic processes extending beyond ischemic areas. Due to selective i...

Irreversible ischemic myocardial cell injury developes in an increasing number of cells as the duration of coronary occlusion is prolonged. The present study quantitates myocardial necrosis produced by 40 minutes, 3 hours, or 6 hours of temporary circumflex coronary occlusion (CO) followed by 2 to 4 days of reperfusion, or by 24 or 96 hours of permanent circumflex ligation in pentobarbital anes...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MR susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is a highly sensitive technique for detection of hemorrhage, but its utility in the evaluation of children with laminar necrosis is not yet known. We assessed whether cortical laminar necrosis in pediatric patients contains hemorrhage on SWI. MATERIALS AND METHODS "Cortical laminar necrosis" was defined as a hyperintense cortical...