Glutathione and adenosine can safely be omitted from glutathione-bicarbonate-Ringer solution (GBR) which is used as an irrigating solution during vitrectomy, without significant reduction in the solution's efficacy or increase in corneal toxicity. Bicarbonate appears to be an essential ingredient and should not be omitted from the Ringer solution.

Irrigating solutions for intraocular purposes were evaluated for their possible damaging effects on the corneal endothelial cell structure and function. Rabbit corneal endothelium was perfused in vitro with Tis-u-Sol, Travenol Ringer's Solution, or Travenol Sodium Chloride. The irrigating solutions caused an immediate corneal swelling of 67 mum per hour +/- 5 (mean +/- standard error), which wa...

INTRODUCTION Factors such as complex root canal anatomy and the vapor lock phenomenon have been shown to limit the penetration of irrigating solutions into the apical third in both in vivo and in vitro studies involving small and wide canals. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine whether the use of a patency file is related to the presence of a radiopaque irrigating solution in the apic...

INTRODUCTION The complex anatomy of the root canal system has been shown to limit the penetration of irrigating solutions into the apical third; hence, the aim of this study was to determine whether the use of a patency file is related to the presence of a radiopaque irrigating solution in the apical third of human root canals after using passive ultrasonic activation in vivo. METHODS Forty h...

OBJECTIVES In this study it was our intention to evaluate the relation between the reabsorption of irrigating fluid and three variables: time of the intervention, volume of solution of glicina employee and weight of the fragments, during the RTU of prostate fulfilled to low hydraulic pressure. MATERIAL AND METHOD We study 74 patients that RTU of prostate was performed with suprapúbica derivat...

This study evaluated the efficacy of 2 types of rotary instruments employed in association with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or EDTA in removing calcium hydroxide (CH) residues from root canals dentin walls. Forty-two mandibular human incisors were instrumented with the ProTaper System up to F2 instrument, irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA and filled with a CH intracanal dressing. A...

Pharmaceutical agents and irrigating solutions are widely used in both optometric and ophthalmologic practices. Contamination of these containers or solutions could possibly pose some risk of infection to a patient. We set out to investigate the possible contamination of a representative sample of these containers in small office practices. Representative bottles of two diagnostic pharmaceutica...