Current blast furnace technology is a two-stage ironmaking process that requires that iron ore concentrate first be formed into pellets, fired at 1260°C, cooled, transported to the blast furnace, and then re-heated to approximately 1500°C to produce pig iron. This heating, cooling, and then reheating wastes a great deal of energy, which would be saved if the ironmaking process had only a single...

Solid waste management in steel industry is broadly classified in “4 Rs” i.e. reduce, reuse, recycle and restore the materials. Reuse and recycling the entire solid waste generated in the process of steel making is a viable solution in targeting a clean, green and zero waste technology leading to sustainable development of the steel industry. Solid waste management has gained importance in stee...

An important problem in metallurgy of iron and steel is management of hydrated, fine-grained, iron-bearing waste which can be formed as a result of gas scrubbing. The article presents a model of application of converter slurry in a closed-circuit flow system. The correct preparation of slag, namely briquetting with defined additives, allows for application of such slag in the steel-making proce...

Steel-making and continuous/mould casting are the key processes of modern iron and steel enterprises. The continuous and mould casting schedule of mixed whole/half charging plan is the bottleneck for the steel-making and continuous/mould casting process. However, it is very difficult to find a solution against the characteristics and complicated environment. This paper proposed a heuristic batc...

The gradual increase in industrial wastes allowed the utilization of these different areas. Steel slag, one wastes, is formed during reduction molten crude iron to steel basic oxygen furnaces (BOF) or scrap electric arc (EAF) and induction (IF). Removal, storage, disposal slag an important environmental economic problem. offers opportunities be used as alternative material various areas contrib...

The integrated scheduling problem of steel-making and continuous casting is discussed. To solve the problem we develop a scheduling system with the architecture of three tiers. Its main functions include: schedule making and adjusting, matching and optimization, abnormal logistics handling and production information management. A hybrid heuristic and optimization algorithm is developed for the ...