This paper explores the potential of microfinance in post-conflict economies, and specifically examines policy considerations for the case of Iraq. It presents important conditions of the post-conflict economy, and examines three critical requirements for successful microfinance operations, as outlined by the Microenterprises Best Practices Project. Political stability, economic demand and popu...

in the recent economic literature, an important finding is the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth. before the 1970s, the most of economists believed that economic growth could be reached only by accumulation of physical capital. in the 1970s and after the pioneering works of mckinon (1973) and shaw (1973), this orthodox view was criticized by a vast amount of ...

Regulation of Money Market Funds (MMFs) in the EU requires some categories MMFs to consider applying liquidity management tools if they breach a minimum ‘weekly’ requirement. Anticipation application such is plausible amplifier run risks. Using larger European dataset than previously studied, we assess whether proximity thresholds explains differences redemptions both at start COVID-19 crisis a...

In Böcker and Klüppelberg (2005) we presented a simple approximation of OpVaR of a single operational risk cell. The present paper derives approximations of similar quality and simplicity for the multivariate problem. Our approach is based on modelling of the dependence structure of different cells via the new concept of a Lévy copula. JEL Classifications: G18,G39.

the paper examines for the first time the foreign exchange intervention policy in foreign exchange market of iran. and in this framework, the study designs and simulates the foreign exchange intervention model in iran. in the first section, the paper shows that the injection of oil revenues directly to economy and also the absence of potent structure of output are inclusively caused the central...

I construct the life-cycle model with equilibrium default and preferences featuring temptation and self-control. The model provides quantitatively similar answers to positive questions such as the causes of the observed rise in debt and bankruptcies and macroeconomic implications of the 2005 bankruptcy reform, as the standard model without temptation. However, the temptation model provides cont...

The paper analyses the determinants of dividend payments and tests the hypothesis that companies pay dividends at the expense of investing in research and development (R&D). The evidence suggests that four fundamental factors – size, growth, profitability and risk – determine the decision to pay dividends but also to invest in R&D. Consistent with previous evidence, the average R&D intensity of...

This paper investigates politically connected firms in Germany. With the introduction of a new transparency law in 2007, information on additional income sources for all members of the German parliament became publicly available. We find that members of the conservative party (CDU/CSU) and the liberal party (FDP) are more likely to work for firms than members of left-wing parties (SPD and The L...

Do Brokers Misallocate Customer Trades? Evidence from Futures Markets JEL Classification number: G12, G13, G18 In the context of futures markets, we study whether brokers allocate more favorable trades to their own accounts, and less favorable trades to their customers. We find that, within a thirty minute trading bracket, brokers on average buy at a lower price and sell at a higher price for t...