iranian popular films, as a type of national culture, are consumed vastly iran. although they are neglegted in common cultural studies is iran, according to recent culture theories , they are some cultural texts including the ideological cods that they have an important role in the constrution of collective social perception. therefore, a quastion that can be addressed is what the narrative and...

This paper describes recent developments in the use of the "absent but implicit" in narrative therapy. Michael White used the term "absent but implicit" to convey the understanding that in the expression of any experience of life, there is a discernment we make between the expressed experience and other experiences that have already been given meaning and provide a contrasting backdrop, which "...

III   This study was an attempt to determine the effect of task-based approach vs. traditional approach on the narrative and expository writing of the Iranian EFL learners. There were two control groups as well as two experimental ones in the current study. In the two control groups namely G1 and G2 narrative and expository writing were taught respectively using the traditiona...

iii   this study was an attempt to determine the effect of task-based approach vs. traditional approach on the narrative and expository writing of the iranian efl learners. there were two control groups as well as two experimental ones in the current study. in the two control groups namely g1 and g2 narrative and expository writing were taught respectively using the traditiona...

This paper argues for a robust notion of collective identity which is not reduced to a psychological conception of identity. In a first part the debate on the concept of identity raised by several authors is taken up critically with the intention to defend a strong sociological conception of identity which by definition is a collective identity. The basic assumption is that collective identitie...