OBJECTIVES The principle of the intraosseous anesthesia (IOA) relies on the perforation of the cortical plate of the bone for direct application of the local anesthetic solution into the underlying cancellous structures. During this procedure, IOA needles might accidentally come in contact with the tooth roots. The aim of the current in vitro study was to examine the consequences of this 'worst...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of placebo, oral opioid analgesic (OOA), intravenous opioid analgesic (IOA), non-opioid analgesic (NOA), topical anesthetic (TA) and locally injected anesthetic (LIA) for pain relief duringhysterosalpingography (HSG) using a Bayesian network meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials. METHODS PUBMED, EMBASE, and CENTRAL search engi...

Background and aims: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided needle-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (nCLE) characteristics of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) have been identified in studies where the gold standard surgical histopathology was available in a minority of patients. There are diverging reports of interobserver agreement (IOA) and paucity of intraobserver reliability (IOR). Thus, we ...

The KefB and KefC systems of Escherichia coli cells are activated by iodoacetate (IOA) and chlorodinitrobenzene (CDNB), leading to a rapid drop in the intracellular pH. However, survival of exposure to IOA or CDNB was found to be essentially independent of KefB and KefC activation. No correlation was found between the toxicity of the compound and its ability to elicit protective acidification v...

Background. The SpyGlass Direct Visualization System (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA) is routinely used during single operator choledochoscopy (SOC) to identify biliary lesions or strictures with a diagnostic accuracy up to 88%. The objective of this study was to determine the interobserver agreement (IOA) of modified scoring criteria for diagnosing biliary lesions/strictures. Methods. 27 SPY SO...

An integrated optomechanical analysis (IOA) can predict the response of an system to temperature, gravity, vibrations, and other local loadings; thus, normal operation instruments under special conditions is guaranteed. Zernike polynomials are most popular for fitting IOA-derived mechanical deformation data. By solving coefficients all deformed optical surfaces, relationship between aberrations...

This thesis presents a tool for validating descriptions of distributed algorithms in the IOA language using an interactive theorem prover. The tool translates IOA programs into Larch Shared Language speci cations in a style which is suitable for formal reasoning. The framework supports two common strategies for establishing the correctness of distributed algorithms: Invariants and simulation re...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Previous reports assessing the reproducibility of contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CH-EUS) in the evaluation of solid pancreatic lesions (SPLs) involved mainly experienced endosonographers. We aimed to assess the interobserver agreement (IOA) of CH-EUS in the evaluation of SPLs by endoscopists with different levels of experience in EUS and CH-EUS....

Methods. Changes in isometric tension were recorded in helical strips of the arteries, and the presence of perivascular nerve containing NADPH diaphorase was histochemically demonstrated. Results. Nicotine (10~ M, EOA and IOA) and transmural electrical stimulation (5 Hz, EOA) produced a slight or no contraction followed by a moderate relaxation in the strips contracted with prostaglandin F2a. T...

T wo terms have all but surpassed the cliché stage in our current lexicon: the Internet of Things (IoT) and sustainability. The notion of the IoT, or the Internet of Anything (IoA),1 as we prefer to call it, is widely prevalent. Taken to extremes, the IoA subsumes drones, smart swarms, the smart grid, intelligent buildings, and autonomous cyber-physical and cyber-biological systems, each of whi...