A complete description of haemodynamics and gas exchange before and after percutaneous coil embolization of multiple pulmonary arteriovenous malformations is reported in a 45 year old woman with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasis (HHT). Before treatment, whilst the patient complained of severe dyspnoea during daily activities, an intrapulmonary shunt of 31% was measured (inert gas eliminati...

Exercise-induced intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunting, as detected by saline contrast echocardiography, has been demonstrated in healthy humans. We have previously suggested that increases in both pulmonary pressures and blood flow associated with exercise are responsible for opening these intrapulmonary arteriovenous pathways. In the present study, we hypothesized that, although cardiac outpu...

Abstract A rare case of a pulmonary arterio-venous malformation not requiring treatment is reported. An incidental peripheral right lower lobe intrapulmonary was identified on computed tomography. On catheter angiography, no artery supply identified. Systemic arteriography systemic arterial from conjoined inferior phrenic with venous drainage to the left atrium. Due this lung abnormality being ...

Agenesis of the intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary veins of the right lung was found by angiography and histological examination in a three year old boy. Blood supplied by the intersegmental arteries drained via the pulmonary arteries of the right lung into main and left pulmonary arteries. This caused a shunt between the aorta and pulmonary artery. Agenesis of the pulmonary venous system as a c...

Studies were made on eight patients submitted to extracorporeal circulation to correct valvular defects. Whilst breathing 100% oxygen, the alveolar/arterial oxygen tension difference and the VD/VT relationship were determined before the operations and during the first three days of the post-operative period. On 26 occasions, the arterio/venous oxygen content difference was measured and used to ...

or hypothermic (n=19, 29.2±0.5°C) CPB. The cellular response to the extracorporeal circulation was signif¬ icantly delayed in the hypothermic group with a later onset of neutrophilia and a later increase in plasma elastase levels during bypass. Lung function deterio¬ rated significantly after CPB as assessedby respiratory index, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, and intrapulmonary shunt, indep...

Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACD/MPV) is a lethal neonatal lung disease characterised by severe pulmonary hypertension, abnormal vasculature and intractable hypoxaemia. Mechanisms linking abnormal lung vasculature with severe hypoxaemia in ACD/MPV are unknown. We investigated whether bronchopulmonary anastomoses form right-to-left shunt pathways in ACD/MVP....

The clinical symptoms in liver cirrhosis arise from portal hypertension. The classic signs and symptoms include ascites, bleeding from esophageal varices, and encephalopathy. Moreover, many patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension develop peripheral vasodilatation and a hyperdynamic circulation with the presence of arteriovenous communications, increased blood volume, and activation of v...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the differences in the existence and size of dead space in patients with and without Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD and non-GERD) expressed through the size of intrapulmonary shunt (QS/QT). MATERIAL/METHODS The study enrolled 86 subjects - 43 patients referred for endoscopy because of symptoms of GERD (heartburn, acid regurgitation, dysfagia) and 43 healthy subje...