OBJECTIVE To determine the prognosis of seizures in epileptic children and identify early predictors of intractable childhood epilepsy. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY The Epilepsy Centre of the Children's Hospital Lahore, from February 2005 to April 2007. PATIENTS AND METHODS All children (aged 1 month to 16 years) with idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy who ...

Mutations in the X-linked gene cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) have been detected in patients presenting with seizures in the first few months of life and Rett syndrome features. Twenty-seven cases have been detected to date. Generalized intractable seizures, as infantile spasms, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures and myoclonic seizures characterize the clinical picture of CDKL5 mutat...

objective:   intractable epilepsy is a serious neurologic problem with different etiologies. decreased levels of pyridoxal phosphate in central spinal fluid level of patients with intractable epilepsy due to pyridoxine dependency epilepsy were reported. the aim of this study was to compare plasma pyridoxal 5´-phosphate level in patients with intractable and controlled epilepsy. materials   &   ...

Background: Refractory (intractable/pharmaco-resistant) epilepsy in children is considered if disabling seizures continue despite appropriate trials of two anti-seizure drugs, either alone or combination. Ketogenic diets are used as a treatment option many countries for with refractory seizures; however, few patients have tried it Saudi Arabia. Therefore, we examined the relationship between ex...

PURPOSE We reviewed our experience with ACTH for the treatment of intractable generalized seizures other than spasms. METHODS Efficacy and adverse effects of ACTH against intractable generalized seizures other than spasms were retrospectively investigated in 15 patients treated between 1991 and 2003. The median age of the patients at ACTH therapy was 42 months. The targeted type of seizure wa...

objective the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a modified atkins diet for intractable childhood epilepsy. materials & methods twenty one children with medically intractable epilepsy were enrolled in the study. inclusion criteria were at least four seizures per month and a trial of at least three anticonvulsants without becoming seizure-free. the subjects...

objective in the majority of patients with intractable epilepsy, seizures can be well controlled with appropriate medication. however, current estimates indicate that some of patients with epilepsy are refractory to all forms of medical therapy. the surgical treatment of intractable epilepsy in children has  evolved with advances in technical innovations. these medically intractable patients ar...

The aim of this study is to determine surgical outcomes and factors affecting seizure outcomes in patients who harbor supratentorial cavernous angiomas presenting with seizures. Sixty patients were classified into the intractable epilepsy group (n=22) and the sporadic seizure group (n=38) and then managed differently in accordance with our guidelines. Patients exhibiting sporadic seizures were ...