November-December 2003 The title of the Institute of Medicine’s report on medical error, To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System, is derived from Alexander Pope’s “Essay on Criticism” (1711): “To err is human; to forgive, divine” (l. 525).1 Given how familiar this proverb is in its entirety, it is striking that the IOM report itself contains no reference to forgiveness, divine or otherw...

Clearly a wakeup call for the healthcare industry, the IOM report of 2000 To Err Is Human now appears to have been a sentinel event, at least in the United States (Institute of Medicine 1999). Given that the practice of medicine in the United States is, in many ways, very similar to that in Canada--for example, our physician trainees are educated and evaluated using similar models--it is unfort...

the objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of topical administration of honey in prevention of or reduction in post-surgical peritoneal adhesions in dog. the study was conducted on 18 adultfemale mixed-breed dogs with a mean ± sd weight of 20 ± 4.25 kg. a standardized surgical trauma (serosaltrauma model) was made in the dogs’ descending colon to induce adhesion formation. t...

background and purpose: to determine an appropriate financial model for the health system of iran, several studies have been conducted. but it seems that these studies were not comprehensive and further investigation is required. so to design a valid and enforceable mechanism, the study of policy interventions will be considered through consensus of all stakeholders. this investigation was done...

background: intraoperative radiation therapy (iort) technique is used to treat a surgically exposed tumor or tumor bed in the treatment of locally advanced intraabdominal, retroperitoneal, pelvic, thoracic, breast and soft tissue tumors. one way to perform iort is to use an existing linac and modify the treatment head using an applicator system. in this study the objectives were to design, and ...

since a long time ago, the persian gulf security has always formed the focus of attention of regional states and the world big powers. during the final years of the 20th and early 21st centuries given the changes and transformations occurring after the us war and iraq invasion, the significance of the region from security perspective increased. as a result, several conventions and special dialo...

objective: the study aimed to determine the relationship between presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (apls) and clinical pregnancy rate in patients undergoing ivf/icsi procedures. materials and methods: this descriptive-analytic study performed on two hundred consecutive women referred for ivf/icsi in vali-e-asr reproductive health research center. serum levels of apls , anticardiolipin [ac...

background: the incidence of ectopic pregnancy varies between 1.5-2% of all pregnancies. bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancy is rare. it may occur in 1 per 200 000 pregnancies. case: this is a case report of 25 year-old woman who underwent intra uterine insemination (iui), because of tubal factor infertility (unilateral). on the 30pthp day after the iui she complained from pelvic pain and vaginal...

background: intrauterine growth retardation (iugr) contributes significantly to fetal morbidity and mortality, but its etiology is unknown in most cases. objective: the aim of this study was to examine the association between inherited thrombophilia and iugr. materials and methods: a case-control study was performed in a tertiary referral center (afzalipour hospital) over 2-years period (2010-2...

In order to provide greater insight into both the extensiveness and the medical costs of the diagnosis and treatment of screen-detected cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) in general medical practice in The Netherlands, data from national registries and gynaecology departments were retrieved, and experts were interviewed. Of the 5060 women diagnosed with CIN in 1988, more than 50% were tr...