A mutant of Arabidopsis with reduced internodal cell length, acaulis5 (acl5), has recently been shown to have reduced transcript levels of a gene for endoxyloglucan transferase, EXGT-A1 (Y. Hanzawa, T. Takahashi, Y. Komeda [1997] Plant J 12: 863-874). In the present study, we cloned genomic fragments of five members of the EXGT gene family, EXGT-A1, EXGT-A3, EXGT-A4, XTR2, and XTR3, and examine...

Synchrotron-based X-ray microfluorescence (µSXRF) is an analytical method suitable for in situ investigation of the distribution of micronutrient and macronutrient elements in several-micrometres-thick unstained biological samples, e.g. single cells and tissues. Elements are mapped and quantified at sub-p.p.m. concentrations. In this study the quantity, distribution and grouping/co-localization...

The study aims to fully explicate the bending behavior of tea stalks under condition large deflection, which is crucial improve working performance mechanized harvesting equipment. mechanical model stalk was assumed be a non-prismatic beam with virtual internodes that could differ from actual internodes. With model, can freely divided into multiple internodes, whose flexural rigidities determin...

Unlike many wild grasses, domesticated rice cultivars have uniform culm height and panicle size among tillers and the main shoot, which is an important trait for grain yield. However, the genetic basis of this trait remains unknown. Here, we report that Dwarf Tiller1 (DWT1) controls the developmental uniformity of the main shoot and tillers in rice (Oryza sativa). Most dwt1 mutant plants develo...

Merremia emarginata plants were treated with different plant growth regulators (PGRs): naphthyl acetic acid (NAA), phenyl acetic acid (PAA) and gibberellic acid (GA 3). To determine the role of wall stiffening enzymes in internode elongation, IAA oxidase and peroxidase in the presence of different hydrogen donors like caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and guaiacol were assayed. The levels of total...

Chemical analysis studies were conducted for four populations of switchgrass (Alamo, Kanlow, GA993, and GA992), Panicum virgatum L., which were partitioned into leaves, internodes, and nodes. The variations in carbohydrate compositions, lignin and extractives content, higher heating value (HHV), and the syringyl:guaiacyl ratio of switchgrass were determined. The experimental results indicated t...

• The organs of sugarcane use carbon in different ways, leading to differing ratios insoluble and soluble compounds Transcription aligned closely with differences the biomass makeup components. Large transcriptional were observed among organs, smaller we according maturity. This study may support efforts develop composition better suited various end uses. major source sink (roots, leaves intern...

The distribution of nitrogenase activity in the rice-soil system and the possible contribution of epiphytic cyanobacteria on rice plants and other macrophytes to this activity were studied in two locations in the rice fields of Valencia, Spain, in two consecutive crop seasons. The largest proportion of photodependent N(2) fixation was associated with the macrophyte Chara vulgaris in both years ...