OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine patient satisfaction in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes receiving an inhaled insulin or subcutaneous insulin regimen, as assessed by pooled analysis of two 12-week parent studies and 1-year extension studies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In the 12-week parent studies, patients with type 1 (n = 70) or type 2 (n = 51) diabetes were randomi...

Pulmonary insulin delivery is being developed as a more acceptable alternative to conventional subcutaneous administration. In 15 healthy Beagle dogs (average weight 9.3 kg), we compared insulin distribution in arterial, deep venous, and hepatic portal circulation. Dogs received 0.36 units/kg s.c. regular human insulin (n = 6) or 1 mg (2.8 units/kg) or 2 mg (5.6 units/kg) dry-powder human inhal...

OBJECTIVE To examine predictors of patient perceived relevance of different diabetes medication benefits, and to determine how medication benefit ratings of an inhaled insulin were associated with evaluation of, and interest in that inhaled insulin. METHODS The study was an Internet survey of a US sample (n = 1094) of adults with type 2 diabetes using different medication regimens. Patients w...

BACKGROUND Insulin therapy often relies on multiple daily injections of insulin. However this is a considerable burden to many people with diabetes and adherence to such an insulin regimen can be difficult to maintain, hence compromising optimal glycaemic control. Also, short acting injected insulin is absorbed more slowly than insulin released by the normal pancreas in response to a meal. Inha...

Since the introduction of Pfizer Exubera in the early 1990s, a number of other inhaled insulin solutions have been developed. This article provides an overview of inhaled insulin systems developed by Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, MannKind, and Lilly, three of which are currently in phase 3 trials. The strengths and weaknesses of each product, as well as the general technologies (liquid vs dry powder), ...

Inhalation of insulin appears to have become an alternative for the subcutaneous injection of insulin for the time being. However, the recent withdrawal of one product that had already reached the marketplace or others that were close to approval raised severe concerns about the future of the pulmonary route for insulin administration. In view of the progress made with respect to the size of th...

context since 2006 a relevant number of therapeutical algorithms for the management of type 2 diabetes have been proposed, generating a lively debate in the scientific community, particularly on the ideal timing for introduction of insulin therapy and on which drug should be preferred as add-on therapy in patients failing to metformin. at the moment, there is no real consensus. the aim of the p...