نتایج جستجو برای: informal transport

تعداد نتایج: 302864  

2016
Florian Tomini Wim Groot Sonila M Tomini

BACKGROUND Transfers of money and help with daily activities by family and friends are important sources of support for older people and contribute to their well being. On the other hand, older adults are not only recipients of support but also important providers of support and financial transfers as giving and receiving are often reciprocal. For this, it is important to understand the determi...

2011
George W Pariyo Chrispus Mayora Olico Okui Freddie Ssengooba David H Peters David Serwadda Henry Lucas Gerald Bloom M Hafizur Rahman Elizabeth Ekirapa-Kiracho

BACKGROUND Although a number of intermediate transport initiatives have been used in some developing countries, available evidence reveals a dearth of local knowledge on the effect of these rural informal transport mechanisms on access to maternal health care services, the cost of implementing such schemes and their scalability. This paper, attempts to provide insights into the functioning of t...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی 1390

introruction khawf in(iran)-herat and mazaresharif and shirkhan bandar in (afghanistan)-dushanbe in (tajikistan)_(kirgizstan)-kashghar in(china) project railway network is under construction that it is as a significant corridor for revitalizing silk road corridor in the region .at the present there are three different gauge in the region central asia with 1,520 mm gauge and turkey-islamic repu...

Journal: :European journal of public health 2014
Mercedes Rodríguez

BACKGROUND Faced with increased public spending for care, knowledge of the determinants of the choices between informal and formal care is of particular importance for estimating the need for care in the future. METHODS Using a representative sample of Spanish dependent elderly from the Disabilities, Independence and Dependency Situations Survey (DIDSS) 2008, we compare the factors associated...

2011
Marike Knoef Peter Kooreman

The Effects of Cooperation: A Structural Model of Siblings’ Caregiving Interactions This paper analyzes the decision making process of adult children to provide informal care to their parents. First, we develop a structural model to explain the amount of time that only children (without siblings) spend on providing care, taking into account opportunity costs in terms of time and money. The mode...

Journal: :Age and ageing 2006
Rachael Gooberman-Hill Shah Ebrahim

INTRODUCTION Relationships between people with health problems and their partners, families and friends are usually described as 'informal care'. Using a qualitative examination of older people's descriptions of their relationships with partners or other significant friends or relatives at times of change in health and mobility (walking), we questioned whether 'informal care' is an appropriate ...

Informal economy i.e. unrecorded economy, is one of the important problems in developing countries which affects the efficiency of economic activities in formal sector. Informal economy is also an important source of air pollution. This paper aims at estimating informal economy in Iran over the period 1980-2009 based on the mount of CO2 emissions and the country forest areas and using Kalman ...

Journal: :Journal of health economics 2007
Axel Heitmueller

Around 14% of the UK labour force has informal care responsibilities and almost everyone in society will be an informal carer in their lifetime. A well-known fact in the small economic literature on informal care is the apparent negative relation between care responsibilities and labour market participation. Yet, caring and labour market participation may be endogenous. Using an instrumental va...

Journal: :Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2010
Anders Wimo Bengt Winblad Linus Jönsson

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to update the previous estimate of the worldwide cost of dementia in 2005 to 2009. METHODS The cost model is based on prevalence estimates, country and region-specific data on Gross Domestic Product per person and average wage, with results from previously published cost-of-illness studies in different countries. Prevalence figures are updated to 2009 ...

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