Avian influenza H9N2 subtype viruses have had a great impact on Iranian industrial poultry production economy since introduction in the country. To approach Rapid and precise identification of this viruses as control measures in poultry industry, a real time probe base assay was developed to directly detect a specific influenza virus of H9N2 subtype -instead of general detection of Influenza A ...

Background: The pandemic and regional influenza outbreaks resulting from antigenic variation of influenza viruses have been the subject of numerous studies which are crucial to the preparation of the vaccine. Frequent global winter outbreaks of influenza viruses require a constant surveillance of emerging influenza variants in order to develop efficient influenza vaccine. Methods: This study wa...

Avian influenza virus (AIV) infection is a major cause of bird or human mortality and morbidity, therefore the rapid identification of the virus is of important clinical and epidemiological implication. Methods: A multiplex Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was optimized for the detection of influenza A virus and the H5 and H9 subtypes. The influenza type A specific primers were directed to t...

Background: The H9N2 subtype of influenza A viruses is considered to be widespread in poultry industry. Adamantane is a group of antiviral agents which is effective both in prevention and treatment of influenza A virus infections. These drugs inhibit M2 protein ion channel which has role on viral replication. OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study is to evaluate M gene of avian influenza ...

avian influenza is an important disease of poultry with the potential to cause major epidemics resulting in significant economic losses. the presence of avian influenza viruses (aiv) in chickens in iran has not been previously reported. an avian influenza outbreak in broiler, layer and breeder farms occurred during a very hot summer in july 1998. three aiv isolates designated as 101, 102 and 10...

conclusions a(h1n1)pdm09 viruses, identified in this study in shiraz, iran, contained 5 site specific mutations and were susceptible to oseltamivir. results our results revealed that a(h1n1)pdm09 viruses present in these samples were susceptible to oseltamivir, and contained 5 site specific mutations (v13g, v106i, v241i, n248d, and n369k) in na gene. these mutations correlated with increasing e...

background: the pandemic and regional influenza outbreaks resulting from antigenic variation of influenza viruses have been the subject of numerous studies which are crucial to the preparation of the vaccine. frequent global winter outbreaks of influenza viruses require a constant surveillance of emerging influenza variants in order to develop efficient influenza vaccine.   methods: this study ...

results out of 253 cases confirmed for influenza a (h1n1), 9 women and 11men had died. amongst these cases the minimum and maximum age was3.5 and90 years, respectively. also, from the 20 confirmed cases of influenza a (h1n1) that had died, 16 cases had at least one underlying disease. conclusions there was no significant association between mortality of confirmed cases of influenza a (h1n1) and...

results 111 female and 142 male were available from a total of 253 confirmed h1n1 cases. the minimum and maximum ages were 1.5 and 90 years, respectively. the most common symptoms were fever and cough. 144 cases had record of hospitalization, 100 cases were undergone outpatient treatment and nine cases have not recorded the treatment status. the most frequent underlying manifestation was hypert...