OBJECTIVE Undernutrition, which implies an imbalance between energy intake and energy requirements, is common in patients with cystic fibrosis. The aim of this study was to compare resting energy expenditure determined by indirect calorimetry with that obtained with commonly used predictive equations in adults with cystic fibrosis and to assess the influence of clinical variables on the values ...

Energy expenditure was measured during pregnancy in seven primigravid women at 12-15, 25-28, and 34-36 weeks and after the cessation of lactation. On each occasion the resting metabolic rate and the increase in metabolic rate after ingestion of a liquid test meal were measured by indirect calorimetry. In absolute terms the resting metabolic rate increased steadily during pregnancy but when expr...

Small mammals in habitats with strong seasonal variation in the thermal environment often exhibit physiological and behavioral adaptations for coping with thermal extremes and reducing thermoregulatory costs. Burrows are especially important for providing thermal refuge when above-ground temperatures require high regulatory costs (e.g., water or energy) or exceed the physiological tolerances of...

Methods Ten obese men participated in cross-over 4-week moderate(MIIT) and high(HIIT) intensity interval cycling. MIIT consisted of 5-min stages at ±20% of mechanical work at 45 %VO2peak, and HIIT consisted of 30-sec work at 90 %VO2peak and 30-sec rests for 30-45 min. The assessments included a constant-load test consisted of 5-min rest, 45-min cycling at 45 %VO2peak followed by 60-min recovery...

1. Total heat loss was measured by 24 h direct calorimetry in five obese and five lean women who were maintained throughout the study on a diet supplying 3.3 MJ/d. Each subject was measured five times to assess the effect of temperature, exercise and food on energy expenditure. Within each weight group a Latin-square design was used to balance sequence effects on the thermogenic responses to te...

In humans, the relative importance of oxidative fuels for sustaining shivering during passive hypothermic recovery or rewarming is still unclear. The main goals of this study were 1) to quantify the respective contributions of lipids and carbohydrates (CHO) during passive rewarming and 2) to determine the effects of precooling exercise on the pattern of fuel utilization. With indirect calorimet...

1. Four men were each studied continuously over 12 d in a whole-body calorimeter. Dietary intake and daily activities were kept constant throughout the study. 2. Day-to-day coefficients of variation in energy expenditure within subjects were found to be 1.97% over 24 h, 5.93% during basal metabolic rate measurement, 2.40% overnight and 3.22% in exercise. 3. The contribution of measurement syste...