Ever since the partition of Indian subcontinent in 1947, India and Pakistan have marched on the path of mutual animosity. Both the countries are struggling to clear out their relation clouded by the debris of partition. Not only are Indo-Pakistani relations tremendously explosive, intertwined as they are with communal relations and internal power struggles in both countries. With their inherent...

The leafhopper genus Nicolaus Lindberg is recorded from India and Pakistan for the first time. Four new species, N. abuensis sp. nov., N. bidentatus sp. nov., N. cornutus sp. nov. and N. serratus sp. nov. are described and illustrated. N. bihamatus Xing & Li, earlier known from China is recorded from India and Pakistan. A key to the species of Nicolaus from the study area is provided.

The interrelationship between international stock markets has been a key study area among the financial market researchers for international portfolio management and risk measurement. The characteristics of security returns and their dynamics play a vital role in the financial market theory. This study is an attempt to find out the dynamic linkages among the equity market of USA and emerging ma...

Background and Aim: Oral health can be influenced by habitual areca nut chewing. The consumption of products containing areca nut, such as paan, gutkha, supari, etc., is common in Asian countries, such as India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. In Iran, areca nut product consumption is common in the southeast of Iran, especially in Chabahar, Iranshahr, and Nikshahr cities, which are in proximity to th...

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) in Pakistan and northwestern India is caused by monopartite begomoviruses in association with an essential, disease-specific satellite, Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB). Following a recent upsurge in CLCuD problems in Sindh province (southern Pakistan), sequences of clones of CLCuMB were obtained from Sindh and Punjab province (central Pakistan), w...

BACKGROUND Although whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci complex) are an important pest of cotton in Pakistan, its taxonomic diversity is poorly understood. As DNA barcoding is an effective tool for resolving species complexes and analyzing species distributions, we used this approach to analyze genetic diversity in the B. tabaci complex and map the distribution of B. tabaci lineages in cotton growing ar...

Besides being the longest unresolved dispute in the World, Kashmir is also a nuclear flash-point between two of South Asia’s enemy countries, India and Pakistan. India and Pakistan, both nuclear powers have several times engaged in fighting over the Kashmir region. Most Kashmiris, on the other hand have been fighting for their right of self-determination recognized by the UN for many decades. T...