conclusions this finding may help improve early detection, differential diagnosis, genetic counseling, and even treatment of patients with pku. introduction phenylketonuria (pku) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of phenylalanine metabolism, which is caused by mutation in phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah) gene. most of the pah mutations are missense mutations (67%), which are followed by sma...

breast cancer (bc) is considered as one of the most important causes of death worldwide. previous studies showed that apolipoprotein b mrna- editing catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (apobec3) gene deletion significantly increased the risk of bc risk in chinese and european women. the present study aimed to assess the possible impact of apobec3 deletion and the risk of bc in a sample of iranian popu...

Background & Aims: The most significant cause of infertility in men is the genetic deletion in the azoospermia factor (AZF) region that is caused by the process of intra- and inter-chromosomal homologous recombination in amplicons. Homologous recombination could also result in partial deletions in AZF region. The aim of this research was to determine the association between the partial AZFc del...

In their letter in the December 2010 issue, “Author Response: Bevacizumab Suppression of Establishment of Micrometastases in Experimental Ocular Melanoma” Yang et al. state that “bevacizumab has been used in mouse models of choroidal neovascularization” and quote Hua et al., for which I am the corresponding author. This is an incorrect and misleading reference. We certainly did not show that be...

DNA is susceptible to alkylation damage by a number of environmental agents that modify the Watson-Crick edge of the bases. Such lesions, if not repaired, may be bypassed by Y-family DNA polymerases. The bypass polymerase Dpo4 is strongly inhibited by 1-methylguanine (m1G) and 3-methylcytosine (m3C), with nucleotide incorporation opposite these lesions being predominantly mutagenic. Further, ex...