An amazing feature of our visual system is the ability to detect and track objects in the stream of continually changing retinal images. Theories have proposed that the system creates temporary internal representations that persist across changing images, providing continuity. However, how such representations are formed in the brain is not known. Here we examined the time course of the respons...

This paper provides an overview of current U.S. practices and research findings concerning key consequences of executive ownership and stock option grants. Logic and some empirical findings suggest that the consequences of the level of executive ownership and the size of stock option grants have non-monotic relationships to firm performance. The size of option grants now typical in the U.S. is ...

Ownership types systems organise the heap into a hierarchy which can be used to support encapsulation properties, effects, and invariants. Ownership types have many applications including parallelisation, concurrency, memory management, and security. In this paper, we show that several flavours and extensions of ownership types can be entirely encoded using the standard Java type system. Owners...

A number of studies have suggested the benefits of pet ownership to human health, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there are few findings regarding pet ownership and coronary artery disease (CAD). The objective of this study is to investigate the association between pet ownership and CAD in a Chinese population. From October 2015 to May 2016, a survey consisting of 561 consecuti...

BACKGROUND People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) are approximately twice as likely to be depressed compared with HIV-negative individuals. Depression is consistently associated with low antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, an important step within the HIV care continuum related to HIV disease progression and overall health. One factor that may have positive psychosocial ben...

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of corporate governance mechanisms in preventing the bankruptcy of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, corporate governance mechanisms, including institutional ownership, non-executive members of the board, CEO dual responsibility and free float stock are determined as independent variables and Bankruptcy based on the ...

It is often observed that in order to serve the domestic market, foreign firms not only export but also control domestic firms through foreign direct investment (FDI). This paper examines the effects of tariffs, production subsidies, and foreign ownership regulation on prices, outputs, profits, and welfare when both exports and FDI coexist. Cross-border ownership on the basis of both financial ...

This paper introduces a solution for the fair division of emission reduction costs in the climate change regime. Our primary focus is the fair division of efficiency gains that arise from exchanging the initial allocation of emission entitlements, rather than the initial allocation itself. We propose to complement the competitive Walrasian solution with welfare bounds, the ethical justification...

journal of accounting advances (j.a.a) vol. 2, no. 2, fall & winter 2010, ser. 59/3     extended abstract   an investigation of agency theory and signaling theory in dividend policies: the role of institutional investors   dr. g. r. karami         dr. s. mehrani               h. eskandar tehran university   introduction        dividend has a special position among decision makers. dividend poli...