Powdery mildew infection in cucumber plants was significantly reduced by foliar application of 2,6dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA). Although the overall isozyme banding patterns of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were very similar, there were differences in the densities of major bands between the leaves of control and INA-applied plants. When plants were subjected to foliar appl...

BACKGROUND Voltage-gated Na(+) channels (Nav) are essential for myocyte membrane excitability and cardiac function. Nav current (INa) is a large-amplitude, short-duration spike generated by rapid channel activation followed immediately by inactivation. However, even under normal conditions, a small late component of INa (INa,L) persists because of incomplete/failed inactivation of a subpopulati...

Background: There are many neuropsychological instruments used for screening cognitivefunctions in adults, with or without health problems such asthe MMSE-Ina and MoCA-Ina.
 Objectives:This study was designed to test the correlations differences between MMSE-Inaand MoCA-Ina early detection of decreasing cognitive function elderly.
 Methods: Total278 subjects were randomly selected fro...

In birds, type I and type II hair cells differentiate before birth. Here we describe that chick hair cells, from the semicircular canals, begin expressing a voltage-dependent Na current (INa) from embryonic day 14 (E14) and continue to express the current up to hatching (E21). During this period, INa was present in most (31/43) type I hair cells irrespective of their position in the crista, in ...

An innovative approach for inactivation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum using the hydrophobic photoinduced alkylating probe 1, 5-iodonaphthylazide (INA) is described. Treatment of washed M. gallisepticum mid-exponential culture (0.2 mg cell protein /mL) with INA followed by irradiation with far-ultraviolet light (310-380 nm) completely abolished viability. Transmission electron microscopy showed th...

α-Internexin (INA) has been proposed to be a surrogate marker for the 1p/19q codeletion in oligodendroglial tumors (OTs). We analyzed INA expression in 83 glioma and 21 oligodendroglial phenotype-mimicking tumors (OMT) to assess its usefulness in differential diagnosis and its correlation with 1p/19q status; in particular, INA expression in gliomas with isolated/partial 1p or 19q deletions was ...

We studied the relation of the maximal upstroke velocity (Vmax) of action potentials to the peak sodium current (INa) under voltage clamp in single, internally perfused, canine cardiac Purkinje cells under conditions that ensured membrane action potentials due only to INa. Three different methods of altering sodium channel availability were investigated: voltage-dependent inactivation, tetrodot...

We have recently shown that J3-adrenergic agonists enhance the cardiac sodium current (INa) in rabbits through dual G-protein regulatory pathways. To determine if muscarinic cholinergic receptor stimulation can also modulate INa, we studied the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) and carbachol on INa in enzymatically dispersed rabbit ventricular myocytes. Whole-cell patch-clamp experiments done at r...

Studies have shown that fish oils, containing n-3 fatty acids, have protective effects against ischemia-induced, fatal cardiac arrhythmias in animals and perhaps in humans. In this study we used the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique to assess the effects of dietary, free long-chain fatty acids on the Na+ current (INa,alpha) in human embryonic kidney (HEK293t) cells transfected with the alpha-s...