Tubbs & Greville (1961) showed that D-2hydroxy acid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.2.4), present in liver and kidney in several animal species, catalyses the oxidation of D-lactate, D-malate and various straight-chain homologues. Similar NADindependent D-lactate dehydrogenases have been isolated from micro-organisms (Haugaard, 1959; de Ley & Schel, 1959; Snoswell, 1959; Nygaard, 1960). However, the meta...

Urease catalyzes hydrolysis of urea. The present investigation was undertaken to investigate the urease activity and its optimization during L-glutamic acid fermentation by a biotin auxotroph Corynebacterium glutamicum X680 using urea as principal nitrogen source. Another interesting part this study efficiency microorganism for utilization indigenous raw materials (such hydrolysates cassava sta...

A new chemical method for radioactive labeling of single-stranded regions of RNA has been used to probe the three-dimensional structure of E. coli tRNA(fMet) in solution. The procedure involves conversion of cytosine residues to N(4)-[(14)C]methylcytosines by treatment with (14)CH(3)NH(2) and sodium bisulfite at pH7. Ribonuclease digestion of the modified tRNA produces (14)C-labeled oligonucleo...

Phosphate-activated glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2; l-glutamine amidohydrolase) purified from pig kidney and brain is activated by CoA and short-chain acyl-CoA derivatives. Acetyl-CoA is the most powerful activator (K(A) about 0.2mm). Acetyl-CoA is maximally effective in the absence of other activating anions such as phosphate and citrate, and at low glutamine concentrations. The negative co-operative...

In petunia, loci PH1 to PH7 are involved in an unknown vacuolar acidification pathway since disruption of these loci results in an increased vacuolar pH and bluish flowers. PH4 encodes a MYB protein, which regulates, together with regulators of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (AN1, AN2 and AN11), the transcription of (unknown) structural genes involved in vacuolar acidification. Here we sh...

In vitro gastro-duodenal digestion model was used to investigate the changes of emulsions under digestion conditions. Oil in water emulsions stabilized by whey proteins (2%) and stabilized by whey proteins (2%) with addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (0.75%) as gelling agent of continuous phase were prepared at pH7. Both emulsions were destabilized under gastric conditions; however the protect...

1. DNA was treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea at pH7-8, 37 degrees C, degraded to yield 3- and 7-methylpurines and deoxyribonucleosides and the reaction products were separated by chromatography on ion-exchange resins. The following methods for identification and determination of products were used: with unlabelled N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, u.v. absorption; use of methyl-(14)C-labelled N-methyl-...

This paper presents an investigation on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) bilayer film, which is used as sensing membrane for extended-gate field effect transistor (EGFET) for pH sensing application. TiO2/ZnO thin films were deposited using sol-gel spin coating method on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. After the deposition, the bilayer films were annealed at constant temperatures ...