Badi' al-Zaman al-Jazari is a scientist, designer and engineer of Islamic civilization in the sixth century AH who lived in the Diyarbakir (South east of turkey), and has 50 new machines in his book “Al-Jami' bayn al-‘ilm wa 'l-‘amal al-nafi' fi sina'at al-hiyal (A Compendium on the Theory and Useful Practice of the Mechanical Arts)” has described and illustrated. This book, which is a document...

This article is a research on a book about the martyrdom of Imam Hosein entitled Al- Futuh written by Ibn A’tham Kufi about the fourth century A. H. Like other historical- narrative books Al- Futuh was not immune from distortion of Ashura. This work makes us doubt some events of Ashura. In this research, after the evaluation of the personality of the author and his book, some of the distortions...

Abu Hamid al-Ghazālī was a mystic, jurist and a theologian, lived in the fifth century AH, who had significantly influenced Iranian culture. His greatest work is Iḥyaʾ ʿūlm al-dīnʾ, which he wrote to revive the religious knowledge, in his seclusion period and with the subject of “transaction knowledge”, therefore there could be found architectural information in it. This research is dedicated t...

The question of the validity of the book We Have Sent It Down on the Night of Ordainmentby HasanIbn Abbās Ibn Harish al-Razi is the point of disagreement among the traditionists of the two schools of tradition of Qom and Baghdād. The traditionists of Qom such as Saffar, Koleini and Sheikh al-Sadoq have accepted the validity of the book and have reported its hadiths among their hadith sources un...

One of the most exact and controversial aspects of the infallibility of the Prophet of Islam might be his protection from error and forgetfulness. Muslim theologians are divided into two groups of proponents and opponents of the infallibility of the Prophet. Many treatises have been written about this topic and significant parts of religious books are related to it. This discrepancy is due to s...