Some species thrive in captivity but others exhibit extensive psychological and physiological deficits, which can be a challenge to animal husbandry and conservation as well as wild immunology. Here, we investigated whether captivity duration impacted the regulation of a key innate immune response, inflammation, of a common wild bird species, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Inflammation ...

Growth rates in juvenile turtles relate strongly to their health and welfare, both in the wild and in captivity. Newly hatched turtles in the wild are subject to such high levels of predation that, in some cases, as few as I % survive their first year of life. Juvenile turtles in captivity succumb more quickly to the effects of poor housing conditions and poor diets than do older adults. In bot...

the primitive arab people ruled women’s (body) covering as well as chastity, and the poets were honored to praise these qualities in their poems.in the present article reasons of women’s (body) covering are studied.the main reasons to be mentioned are grief and sorrow, fear of captivity in wars, enthusiasm and interests and poverty.

To date, there are no empirical studies assessing the impact of war captivity on persistent dissociation (PD) and the longitudinal relations between captivity stressors, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and PD. The current study included two groups of male Israeli veterans from the 1973 Yom Kippur War: ex-prisoners of war (ex-POWs) and comparable veterans who were not taken captive. Both g...

The current study assesses the psychological and psychiatric aftermath of war captivity; 164 Israeli ex-POWs and 189 comparable controls were assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder, intrusion and avoidance tendencies, and generalized psychiatric symptomatology 18 years after the war. Findings indicated that trauma-related psychopathology and general psychiatric symptomatology were more prev...