Humiliation is often cited in attempts to understand the origins of asymmetric conflicts, especially conflicts involving terrorism. This article reviews common usage, expert opinion, and experiences in interpersonal and intergroup conflicts to suggest a construct definition of humiliation as a combination of anger and shame. Following appraisal theory, this definition distinguishes between the ...

We review some properties of the evolutionary dynamics for asymmetric conflicts, give a simplified approach to them, and present some new results on the stability and bifurcations occurring in these conservative systems. In particular, we compare their dynamics to those of Hamiltonian systems.

We develop a structural model to investigate the effects of asymmetric beliefs and agency conflicts on dynamic principal–agent relationships. Optimism has a first-order effect on incentives, investments, and output, which could reconcile the private equity puzzle. Asymmetric beliefs cause optimal contracts to have features consistent with observed venture capital and research and development (R...

Based on the Barings Bank case study from Chapter 1 This case study is found in Chapter 1 of the textbook, but the analysis I present here incorporates ideas from several chapters of the book. Included in the analysis here are the following concepts: Chapter 3: Contracting costs and the existence of firms Chapter 5: Economies of scale and scope Chapter 6: Perfect competition Chapter 10: Asymmet...

T.V. Paul is Associate Professor of Political Science at McGill University, Montreal, Canada. He is the author of Asymmetric Conflicts: War Initiation by Weaker Powers (Cambridge University Press, 1994), and co-editor and contributor to the volumes The Absolute Weapon Revisited: Nuclear Arms and the Emerging International Order (The University of Michigan Press, 1998) and International Order an...

abstract background: increase in nitric oxide (no) concentration accompanied by alteration in peritoneal immune defense reactions is involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. asymmetric dimethylarginine is an endogenous competitive inhibitor of no synthase. this study was designed to compare no metabolite (nitrite), asymmetric dimethylarginine, and estradiol concentrations in serum and per...