In some American schools, about a fifth of the fathers have spent time in prison during their child’s primary education. We examine how variation across schools in the aggregation and concentration of the mass imprisonment of fathers is associated with their own children’s intergenerational educational outcomes and ‘‘spills over’’ into the attainments of other students. We assess the associatio...

and the other to concrete instances of its operation upon the particular individual. Inasmuch as imprisonment is intended to bring about changes in both attitudes, and as imprisonment represents a prolonged concrete ex2 VAT, NORmAN & MAHER, BRENDAN. Prisoners' Altitudes to-ward Home and tie JTdiciai System. J. CRis. LAw, CRIMNo7L., 1958, 49, 327-330.

Since 1972, the rate of incarceration in U.S. state and federal prisons has increased every year without exception from a rate of 96 prisoners per 100,000 population in 1972 to 504 prisoners per 100,000 in 2008 (BJS, 2008).1 Counting those housed in jails, the nation’s total incarceration rate has surpassed 750 per 100,000 (Liptak, 2008). Accompanying the 40-year increase in imprisonment has be...

This paper provides a sintetic review of the literature concernig the effects of imprisonment on crime rates and on recidivism. We hghlighht both the effects depending on general and specific deterrence as well as open research questions. Readers wishing to cite this document are asked to use the following form of words: Galbiati Roberto, Drago Francesco (2012). “Deterrent effects of imprisonme...

BACKGROUND The United States has the highest rate of imprisonment of any country in the world. African Americans and Hispanics comprise a disproportionately large share of the prison population. We applied a "prison life expectancy" to specify differences in exposure to imprisonment by gender and race at the population level. METHODS The impact of imprisonment on life expectancy in the United...