AIMS To evaluate the effect of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling on the closure and configuration of idiopathic macular holes (IMH). METHODS PPV was performed for IMH on 44 eyes with ILM peeling (ILM peeled group) and on 42 eyes without ILM removal (ILM preserved group). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed on 34 ILM peeled eyes a...

safīnat al-bihār wa madīnat al-hikam wa al-āthār, a precious book by sheikh abbās qumī, is a comprehensive content list for the famous book, bihar al-’anwār al-jāmi‘ah li al-durar al-akhbār al-’a’immat al-’athār by allāmah madjlesī. the big number of volumes bihar al-’anwār’ contains as well as the diverse subjects it covers, caused the hadīth narrator, qumī, to write a content list for that bo...

the foundamental question of this paper is whether in the iranian and islamic civilization has the concept of technology been raised and discussed or not? the response of this research is positive and it is shown that farabi has introduced a deep argument about technology for the first time. in this paper, the definitions of technology are given and the relationship of science and technology is...

PURPOSE To describe a modified technique of internal limiting membrane (ILM) insertion for macular hole- (MH-) associated retinal detachment (RD) in highly myopic eyes. METHODS Nine eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy, cortical vitreous removal, and fovea-sparing ILM peeling. Double ILM insertion into the hole was performed with inverted perifoveal ILM and a free ILM flap followed by air-flu...