PURPOSE Retinal illuminance varies with stimulus luminance, pupil size, eye size, and transmissivity of the ocular media. There are few published data to inform estimates of retinal illuminance in early infancy, and no concurrent studies of pupil size and ocular length have been described. The goals were to document simultaneously the measured ocular parameters in growing preterm infants and to...

Visual functioning at various retinal illuminance levels is usually measured either by determining grating acuity as a function of light level or by determining how sensitivity to sine-wave gratings changes with retinal illuminance. The former line of research has shown that grating acuity follows a two-branch relationship with retinal illuminance, with the point of discontinuity occurring at t...

An Intelligent Lighting System providing desired illuminance distributions at minimum electrical power was constructed in the actual o ce environment. The place of construction is the Area Planning O ce in the headquarters building of Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd. in Otemachi, Tokyo. The oor area is about 240 square meters, and 26 lighting xtures and 22 illuminance sensors are installed. One ligh...

How does our temporal vision change as the mean illuminance reduces? We have examined the processing of near-threshold temporal information for a range of illuminance values (2850--0.15 phot td). At high illuminance, the modulation transfer function can be shown to be mediated via three underlying temporal filters that vary in sensitivity with spatial frequency. As the mean illuminance decrease...

We focus on office lighting environment and conduct a study of Intelligent Lighting System that provides light brightness in accordance to an individual office workers’ needs. For purpose of commercialization of this system, Intelligent Lighting System using in-office frame was introduced at Kokuyo Co., Ltd. This place is a special work area used for meetings and discussions, etc. Intelligent L...

In order to find out appropriate lighting levels to create safe nighttime street environments, the nature of the relationships between pedestrian behaviour and lighting (illuminance) levels was explored using the PAMELA facility at University College London. The behaviour examined was the avoidance of collision with another pedestrian or an obstacle, and the facial recognition distance and the ...

Worldwide, more than one million people die on the roads each year. A third of these fatal accidents are attributed to speeding, with properties of the individual driver and the environment regarded as key contributing factors. We examine real-world speeding behavior and its interaction with illuminance, an environmental property defined as the luminous flux incident on a surface. Drawing on an...

Binocular settings of equidistance have been obtained in a two-rod test apparatus that provides realdepth cues. The magnitude of the localization error for a black vertical rod which oscillates in a given frontal plane has been studied as a function of target velocity at each of three specified photopic levels of binocular retinal illuminance. The direction of the localization error was opposit...

PURPOSE Interocular brightness differences such as those caused by asymmetrical cataract have been found to have a minimal effect on interocular brightness matches. In the present study, the measured binocular visual response to interocular differences in retinal illuminance was measured over time. METHODS Interocular differences in retinal illuminance of magnitudes 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 log unit...