This article analyzes the complex political environment of US immigration and refugee policies in which tensions exist, especially with regard to Central America and the Caribbean. Recommendations for managing it more effectively in the future are discussed. Several western countries, including the US, have implemented stricter restriction policies as a result of the perceived threats to ...

Rational Migration Policy Should Tolerate Non-Zero Illegal Migration Flows: Lessons from Modelling the Market for Illegal Migration The debate on the immigration policies in OECD countries has turned its attention towards illegal migrants. Given that migration flows are determined by immigration laws, the probability of potential detection, penalties for unauthorised migrants and their employer...

Migration as a human phenomenon has some consequences and repercussions. One of these effects is crime commitment and inducing disturbance in land and national security in immigrants' residence country, in other word, international migration, especially illegal migration, have different penal-security effects. Finding reason that the permeability of borders and increasing illegal traffic, drug ...

rizona’s controversial immigration law is emblematic of a new period in American immigration history that features a rampedup commitment to reduce illegal immigration and to establish a new “illegal class” of those who have already entered the United States. The debate about changes to immigration law is often framed as a moral, ethical, or legal issue, but the facts behind this debate are not ...

2 The U.S.–Mexico border is experiencing an era of unparalleled trade and exchange. But at a time when legal flows of goods and people are at historical highs, so are illegal cross-border flows of undocumented migrants. Illegal immigration from Mexico became more common in the late 1960s, following the end of the Bracero Program in 1964. The Bracero Program allowed Mexican guest workers to work...

In the midst of a war against Islamist terrorists, the United States remains woefully — and frighteningly — at risk. Even with the enactment of new laws such as the USA Patriot Act and the Enhanced Border Security and Visa Entry Reform Act and the reorganization of major parts of the federal government into a cabinet-level Department of Homeland Security, the American homeland is not secure. No...

2 The U.S.–Mexico border is experiencing an era of unparalleled trade and exchange. But at a time when legal flows of goods and people are at historical highs, so are illegal cross-border flows of undocumented migrants. Illegal immigration from Mexico became more common in the late 1960s, following the end of the Bracero Program in 1964. The Bracero Program allowed Mexican guest workers to work...