Case 1. A male, who had melaena at 31 months and again a fortnight later, was admitted to hospital on December 26, 1958, when 14 months old. He was shocked with a vague mass across the lower abdomen. On the following day, after a blood transfusion, laparotomy was carried out and perforation of the ileum was closed. Penetration of rectus sheath was present. Occult blood remained positive. A seco...

We measured the short-circuit current (Isc) in rat ileum mucosa to identify the effect of oxytocin (OT) on mucosal secretion in small intestine. We identified a COX-2-derived pulsatile PGE2 release triggered by OT in rat ileum mucosa. OT receptors (OTR) are expressed in intestine crypt epithelial cells. Notably, OT evoked a dynamic change of [Ca(2+)]i in ileum crypts, which was responsible for ...

Phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4) is a key enzyme in inflammation and is thought to play an important part in inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. To investigate the nature and regulation of phospholipase A2 activity in the gastrointestinal mucosa, the distribution of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for group II phospholipase A2 in various parts of the rat gastrointestinal tract w...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine whether neem Azadirachta indica possesses regenerative potential on the stomach and ileum at 500 mg/kg dose given every 12 hours after mucosa lesion was brought by the administration of 1 ml of 50% ethanol for 21 consecutive days in adult Wistar rats. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats used in the study were divided into 3 groups: group A received o...

A 20-year-old man arrived at the emergency department with a 1-day history of melena and one episode of lipothymia. He had nomedical history andwas not taking any medication. Significant findings on physical examination included an arterial blood pressure of 90/40mmHg, paleness of his mucosae and skin, and melena on rectal digital examination. Laboratory analysis revealed normocytic normochromi...

CONTEXT For the diagnosis of the diseases which affect the terminal ileum, the colonoscopy allows macroscopic evaluation and the performing of biopsies. Studies with criteria for the endoscopic and histological characterization of this segment are scarce and there are still some doubts about the need of biopsies in patients with normal ileoscopy. OBJECTIVE Study the terminal ileum of patients...

OBJECTIVE To determine alterations in quantities and distributions of natural antimicrobials following ischemia-reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that these compounds would be upregulated in areas of small intestine where changes in permeability and cellular disruption were likely and where protective mechanisms would be initiated. METHODS Rats with ischemia-reperfusion underwent superior m...

BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. It is characterised by chronic mucosal ulcerations which affect any part of the intestine but most commonly are found in the ileum and proximal colon. AIMS Studies were undertaken to provide information regarding cell specific expression of mucin genes in the ileum of patients with CD. PATIE...

A 58-year-old man with a history of hemorrhoidectomy and chronic constipation presented for routine surveillance colonoscopy. He took an over-the-counter herbal laxative containing senna for constipation. The rectal mucosa showed a brownish discoloration in a moire pattern, characteristic of melanosis coli. Advancing beyond the rectum, the full circumference of colonic mucosa turned jet black i...

inflamed mucosa with no parasites. Sections from the mucosa of ileum and caecum and the rectal biopsy specimen, trypsinised and stained with antisera to immunoglobulins, kappa and lambda chains, and IgA secretor piece, using the immunoperoxidase method, showed similar numbers and distributions of positive lymphocytes to those in normal controls. Peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations showed norma...