Complete artificial saliva (CAS) is a saliva substitute often used as a vehicle for test articles, including smokeless tobacco products. In the course of a study employing normal adult human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) as a model in vitro, we discovered that CAS as a vehicle introduced a significant change in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. To determine the effects of CAS on gene exp...

To understand the biologic role of self-DNA bound to Toll-like Receptor 9 (TLR9), we assayed its effect on gene and methyltransferase expressions and cell differentiation in HT29 cells. HT29 cells were incubated separately with type-1 (normally methylated/nonfragmented), type-2 (normally methylated/fragmented), type-3 (hypermethylated/nonfragmented), or type-4 (hypermethylated/fragmented) self-...

Inflammatory cytokines, particularly the neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8, are elevated in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airway, even in the absence of detectable infection. The transcriptional regulation of many inflammatory genes, including IL8 (CXCL8), involves chromatin remodeling through histone acetylation. NF-kappaB is known to facilitate histone acetylation of IL8 and other proinflammatory ge...

The important inflammatory mediator interleukin-8 (IL-8) is responsible for the migration and activation of neutrophils. The IL8 gene contains a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs4073) in its promoter region that may influence the expression of IL-8, and which has been associated with inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of the SNP...

PURPOSE Interleukin-8 (IL8) is a chemokine produced by malignant cells of multiple cancer types. It exerts various functions in shaping protumoral vascularization and inflammation/immunity. We evaluated sequential levels of serum IL8 in preclinical tumor models and in patients to assess its ability to estimate tumor burden. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IL8 levels were monitored by sandwich ELISAs in c...

To test whether there is a difference in the expression of interleukin 8 (IL8) between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and to determine the main site of its synthesis this study analysed IL8 in mucosal biopsy specimens of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by in situ hybridisation. IL8 was measured by ELISA in 38 normal c...

Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder. Recent evidence indicates that altered crosstalk between CML and mesenchymal stromal cells may affect leukaemia survival; moreover, vesicles released by both tumour and non-tumour cells into the microenvironment provide a suitable niche for cancer cell growth and survival. We previously demonstrated that leukaemic and ...

Acylsugars are insecticidal specialized metabolites produced in the glandular trichomes of plants in the Solanaceae family. In the tomato clade of the Solanum genus, acylsugars consist of aliphatic acids of different chain lengths esterified to sucrose, or less frequently to glucose. Through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry screening of introgression lines, we previously identified a reg...

The main cause of mastitis, one the most costly diseases in dairy industry, is bacterial intramammary infection. Many these bacteria are biofilm formers. Biofilms have been associated with resistance to antibiotics and host immune system. Here, we evaluated different experimental models representing lifestyle aim study invasion into bovine mammary epithelial cells interaction planktonic or Stap...