CONTEXT Hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia are common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and relate to illness severity. Intensive insulin therapy (IIT) to maintain normoglycemia reduces morbidity and mortality. Blood glucose control explains this benefit because a high insulin dose is associated with adverse outcome. Mitogenic insulin effects could theoretically explain this link. OBJECTI...

Several studies have shown that elevated glucose concentrations in patients with acute coronary syndrome and other acute severe illnesses are associated with increased short- and long-term all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (CVM). This has subsequently led to the use of intensive insulin therapy (IIT) to control hyperglycemia. Earlier studies have shown that the prevention of hyperglycemia ...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains a serious disease characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Among its subtypes, PAH associated with connective tissue disease (CPAH) has the worse prognosis, because of resistance to conventional vasodilator therapy. We hypothesized that intensive immunosuppressive therapy...

Abstract Aims Impaired iron transport (IIT) occurs frequently in heart failure (HF) patients, even the absence of anaemia and it is associated with a poor quality life prognosis. The impact IIT on exercise capacity, as assessed by cardiopulmonary test (CPET), HF at present unknown. aim this article to evaluate patients performance IIT, defined transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20%. Methods ...

This paper the presents pattern and determinants of intra-industry trade (IIT) in Australian manufacturing since the late 1970s. The results point to a sharp rise in IIT from the mid 1980s which appears to be linked with an outward-oriented policy. Industry level analysis indicates that industries which experienced a sharp fall in protection are the industries with the higher levels of IIT. The...

This study examines the features and determinants of Portuguese intra-industry trade (IIT) during the period 1995-2003. We separate horizontal IIT from vertical III using data at the five-digit level. Based on Falvey and Kierzkowski (1987) and Flam and Helpman (1987) theoretical models and on Greenaway, Hine and Milner(1994), Hummels and Levinshon (1995) empirical studies, we use a static and d...

Two large, prospective, randomized, controlled trials have shown a beneficial effect of intensive insulin therapy (IIT) on the kidney function of critically ill patients. The data from these trials were combined for performance of a more detailed analysis of the renoprotective effect of IIT. After exclusion of 41 patients with preadmission ESRD, the study sample comprised 2707 critically ill pa...

Hyperglycemia in perioperative patients has been identified as a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Intensive insulin therapy (IIT) has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality among the critically ill, decrease infection rates and improve survival after cardiac surgery, and improve outcomes in acute neurologic injury and acute myocardial infarction. However, recent evidence of severe...

INTRODUCTION Evaluations of computerized clinical decision support systems (CDSS) typically focus on clinical performance changes and do not include social, organizational, and contextual characteristics explaining use and effectiveness. Studies of CDSS for intensive insulin therapy (IIT) are no exception, and the literature lacks an understanding of effective computer-based IIT implementation ...

Short-term intensive insulin therapy (IIT) can improve pancreatic β-cell function when administered early in the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the degree of improvement in response to this therapy varies between patients. Thus, we sought to characterize the determinants of improvement in β-cell function in response to short-term IIT in early T2DM. Sixty-three patients with...