We propose a method to enhance the fuel cell efficiency with the simultaneous removal of toxic heavy metal ions. Carbon monoxide (CO), an intermediate of methanol oxidation that is primarily responsible for Pt catalyst deactivation, can be used as an in-situ reducing agent for hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) with reactivating the CO-poisoned Pt catalyst. Using electro-oxidation measurements, the ...

................................................................................................... 1 2 SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE DESIGN ........................................... 3 3 SUBCRITICAL FISSION BLANKET DESIGN ........................................... 4 3.1 FISSION BLANKET NEUTRON MULTIPLICATION ................................................................ 4 3.2 FISSION BLANKET E...

In this paper, a model-based strategy for the air-path, fuel injection timing, and fuel pressure control of a heavy-duty Diesel engine is presented. The engine system is a six-cylinder Diesel engine, equipped with a dual-stage fixed geometry turbo system and a variable valve actuation (VVA) system. The VVA operates on the intake valves, and realizes a late Miller combustion cycle. The control s...

One of the most important environmental issues in Europe is the expansion of wildland-urban interfaces (WUIs) and how this trend may affect the occurrence of wildfires. Land use changes, the abandonment of farmland, and reduced grazing has led to an increase in forested areas with an accumulation and continuity of surface fuels available for combustion. Policies based exclusively on extensive f...

Traditionally fuel maps are built in terms of 'fuel types', thus considering the structural characteristics of vegetation only. The aim of this work is to derive a phenological fuel map based on the functional attributes of coarse-scale vegetation phenology, such as seasonality and productivity. MODIS NDVI 250 m images of Sardinia (Italy), a large Mediterranean island with high frequency of fir...

The validity and accuracy of information and its fast distribution is significant in effective wood fuel procurement. The authors’ objectives were i) to define the solid wood fuel procurement process of regional power plants, ii) to define a conceptual data model for the wood fuel order-supply process and iii) to create an application for managing the process. They did an interview study for re...

A basic understanding of electrode structure and the characteristics of its components can be powerfully utilized in fuel cell applications such as direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) system integration and HCOOH concentration controlled systems. There have been, thus, tremendous efforts made to elucidate theoretical aspects of electrochemical processes involving new anode catalysts and put th...

PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cells show characteristics of high power density, low operating temperature and fast start-up capability, which make them potentially suitable to replace conventional power sources (e.g. internal combustion engines) as Auxiliary Power Units (APU) for on-board applications. This paper presents a methodology for a preliminary investigation on either sizing and ...

To improve the drivability and reduce fuel consumption and emissions of an existing sport utility vehicle (SUV), simulation-based vehicle refinement was conducted in this study. A simulation model of the SUV was first established and validated. Both simulation and test results confirm that due to low reserve power both at low and high speed bands, the drivability, fuel economy and emissions of ...

The characterization of fuel types is very important for computing spatial fire hazard and risk and simulating fire growth and intensity across a landscape. However, due to the complex nature of fuel characteristic a fuel map is considered one of the most difficult thematic layers to build up. The advent of sensors with increased spatial resolution may improve the accuracy and reduce the cost o...