This document describes two methods for reducing computational requirements during idle transmission in remote access systems incorporating digital subscriber line (DSL) modems, including asymmetrical DSL (ADSL) systems. These methods save processing power during idle transmission by generating an idle signal using lowcomplexity techniques. The generated idle signal is made spectrally compatibl...

OBJECTIVE Complications of intravenous catheters remain a major contributor to health care costs and are a patient safety problem. An intravenous catheter not actively in use-an idle catheter-may increase the risk of infectious and noninfectious complications. We conducted an integrative review of the available literature to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with id...

Although several papers have studied no-idle scheduling problems, they all focus on flow shops, assuming one processor at each working stage. But, companies commonly extend to hybrid flow shops by duplicating machines in parallel in stages. This paper considers the problem of scheduling no-idle hybrid flow shops. A mixed integer linear programming model is first developed to mathematically form...

The purpose of this research is to examine the challenges faced by learner and activities they undertake concerning informal digital learning English (IDLE) implementation in as foreign language (EFL) context. impact COVID-19 on education sector feels very challenging. Especially EFL at high/secondary school level, it crucial since skills are needed support such level students' more complex nee...

Various activities that intend to enhance performance, reliability, and availability of systems are scheduled with low priority and served during system idle times. Under such conditions, idleness becomes a valuable “resource” that needs to be efficiently managed. A common approach in system design is to be non-work-conserving by “idle waiting”, i.e., delay scheduling of background jobs to avoi...

Following the identification of an emergency situation, a downtime allowance was introduced in Republic Latvia to compensate for restrictions imposed on employers and self-employed. Payment is intended only those employees self-employed persons who have paid social insurance contributions previous periods, thus small producers, craftsmen, farms were left without support, although their activiti...

although several papers have studied no-idle scheduling problems, they all focus on flow shops, assuming one processor at each working stage. but, companies commonly extend to hybrid flow shops by duplicating machines in parallel in stages. this paper considers the problem of scheduling no-idle hybrid flow shops. a mixed integer linear programming model is first developed to mathematically form...

Processing and transmission of idle-time network traffic ideally only occurs when resources would have been idle in its absence. Proposed extensions to the Internet service model are similar to idle-time networking, but focus on network support. This paper investigates end-system extensions needed under such a service model. It introduces a simple model with two preempting prioritized traffic c...

During an off-peak hour of a day, a Mobile Terminal (MT) can stay in idle mode for long time as there is no incoming or outgoing packet. An idle MT can move from one location to another and the wireless access network keeps tracking the idle MT. Idle MTs need to assist the wireless access network for location update; so that, on call arrival the network can route the call successfully. Mean whi...