central to vygotsky-inspired sociocultural theory (sct) is the notion of zpd seen by sla researchers as a useful framework within which l2 teaching and learning can take place. van lier (2004) argues that the zpd could be activated in diverse proximal contexts (pcs) and is not limited to the expert-novice scenario. . this study probed whether iranian efl learners' collaborative task performance...

intellectual capital (ic) is organizational intangible asset which is frequently associated with performance. ic is commonly categorized into three core components: human capital, structural capital and relational capital. this study takes a step further in the evolution of the ic model for the hotel industry and divides relationship capital into two categories: end customer- relationship capit...

background: canine parvovirus (cpv) infection is one ofthe most common causes of infectious gastroenteritis in dogs andis a highly contagious, often fatal disease. the original virus(cpv type 2) has had some mutations since its emergence andnew variants (cpv-2a, 2b and 2c) have been reported from manycountries all around the world. early diagnosis and treatment canprofoundly affect the disease ...

prangos ferulacea is a plant found in the mediterranean and middle-east regions used as carminative, anti-flatulent, emollient and antibacterial herb. it is believed that the coumarins are responsible for some of known effects of  prangos . in this research the relaxant effects of p. ferulacea coumrin rich extract as well as osthole as its main prenylated coumarins were investigated on rat ileu...

This paper describes the meta-level control system of a program (Dominic) for parametric design of mechanical components by iterative redesign. We view parametric design as search, and thus Dominic is a hill climbing algorithm. However, from experience with Dominic we concluded that modeling engineering design as hill climbing has several limitations. Therefore, a need for meta-level control kn...