Dematerialisation of trading in securities has become an inseparable element technological development. A consequence this phenomenon is dematerialisation securities. Therefore, the question arises whether a digital token may be recognized as security. The above issue requires analysis concept security context national and EU regulations. It must emphasised that Polish Civil Code does not defin...

three genera and species from the family ichneumonidae, viz. diadegma majale gravenhorst, campoletis thomsoni roman and hyposoter notatus gravenhorst are newly recorded from iran. these species were collected from shiraz and vicinity and the identification confirmed by jussila, finland, university of turku. the members of the subfamily campopleginae to which these three species belong are known...

The idea of a numerus clausus at Hungarian universities was first directed against female students, the majority whom were Jewish origin. This intersectional study justifications articulated in favor restricting university admission and students highlights shifting political social ideas period. Based on archival press sources, drawing particular faculty council minutes Faculties Medicine Human...

Ichnoviruses are large dsDNA viruses that belong to the Polydnaviridae family. They are specifically associated with endoparasitic wasps of the family Ichneumonidae and essential for host parasitization by these wasps. We sequenced the Hyposoter didymator Ichnovirus (HdIV) encapsidated genome for further analysis of the transcription pattern of the entire set of HdIV genes following the parasit...

Abstract We analyse the legal and economic background implications of destandardisation digital contracts, with a focus on consumer protection overall efficiency. argue that firms can exploit paired asymmetric information to extract rents. propose introduction numerus clausus principle in licensing realm (a limit contractual freedom parties create proprietary rights) as way reducing rent extrac...

An Hyposoter didymator ichnovirus (HdIV) gene was stably maintained and efficiently transcribed in lepidopteran cell lines more than 3 years after HdIV infection. This K-gene had two introns and the fully spliced cDNA, named K19, comprised a short open reading frame and a long 3'-untranslated region with 13 imperfectly repeated sequences (44 to 102 nt). Transcripts related to the K-gene were de...

The maternally transmitted bacterium Wolbachia pipientis is well known for spreading and persisting in insect populations through manipulation of the fitness of its host. Here, we identify three new Wolbachia pipientis strains, wHho, wHho2 and wHho3, infecting Hyposoter horticola, a specialist wasp parasitoid of the Glanville fritillary butterfly. The wHho strain (ST435) infects about 50% of th...