PURPOSE Mouse serine protease 56 (Prss56) mutants show a phenotype of angle-closure glaucoma with a shortened ocular axial length. Mutations in the human PRSS56 gene are associated with posterior microphthalmia and nanopthalmos. In this study, variations in PRSS56 were evaluated in patients with either primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) or high hyperopia. METHODS A total of 561 participant...

AIM To report the prevalence, risk factors and associated population attributable risk percentage (PAR) for refractive errors in the South Indian adult population. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. A multistage cluster, systematic, stratified random sampling method was used to obtain participants (n = 10293) for...

PURPOSE Peripheral hyperopia was hypothesized to stimulate axial elongation. This study describes peripheral refraction and its associations with central refractive error in young Singapore Chinese children. METHODS Two hundred fifty children aged 40 months or older recruited from the Strabismus, Amblyopia, and Refractive Error in Young Singapore Children study were included in this analysis....

PURPOSE To evaluate the frequency of behavioral disorders in children with significant refractive error and to compare the results with those of emmetropic children. METHODS In this prospective, comparative study from January to September 2013, refractive errors of all 5-12-year-old children who referred to a general eye clinic were recorded. A validated Persian version of the Rutter A scale ...

Over the past years, we could witness the rapid development of surgical methods for the correction of hyperopia. Keratophakia, together with epikeratophakia and keratomileusis, was introduced by Barraquer and was used during the 80’s, but due to the complexity of the procedure and equipment, the inaccuracy of refractive results, postoperative complications, and delayed visual rehabilitation1, i...

Hyperopia is a common refractive error, particularly in young children. Although its prevalence has not been studied to the same extent as myopia, knowledge of its rates among the world population, its early detection and treatment is a matter of vital importance, since moderate or high degrees of this refractive error may lead to other visual impairment conditions. This review provides a summa...

The mainstay of treatment for those with hyperopic astigmatism who wish to bypass the need for glasses or contacts has traditionally been laser treatment. Both hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratotomy (PRK) have been used to correct hyperopic astigmatism. Although LASIK can provide promising results for a portion of patients with hyperopic eyes, it becomes l...

PURPOSE To describe 9-year changes in refractive errors and estimate incidence of myopia and hyperopia in adults of African-descent, along with associated risk factors. METHODS The 9-year follow-up of the Barbados Eye Studies (1997-2003) reexamined 2793 surviving cohort members (81% participation). Refractive errors were determined by automated refraction. Myopia/hyperopia were defined as sph...

PURPOSE To characterize 24-hour variation of intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy young adults based on the axial length of the eye. METHODS Twenty-four-hour IOP data were collected from nine healthy young adults with hyperopia, age range 18 to 25 years, in a sleep laboratory. Every 2 hours, measurements of IOP were taken in the participants after 5 minutes in the supine position and 5 minut...