Retropharyngeal haematoma as a cause of acute airway obstruction is uncommon and following low velocity neck hypertension is rare. We report the case of a 76-year-old man who, following a fall with neck hyperextension, developed a retropharyngeal haematoma which caused airway obstruction requiring cricothyroidotomy. Initially he complained of no neck pain. We discuss the importance of airway an...

Figure 1. Preoperative view of the left hand demonstrating swan-neck deformity of the index finger. DESCRIPTION A 34-year-old woman with cerebral palsy presented with swan-neck deformity of the left index and long fingers (Fig 1). The proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint was found locked in hyperextension, but the patient could actively flex it if the hyperextension was corrected. The patient w...

BACKGROUND To our knowledge there are no cases in the literature of traumatic vascular injury of the brachial artery by elbow hyperextension without elbow dislocation based on either clinical or radiological evidence. CASE PRESENTATION We present the first case of complete brachial artery rupture resulting from a hyperextension injury to an elbow, without dislocation. The history, early asses...

Gymnastics is noted for involving highly specialized strength, power, agility and flexibility. Flexibility is perhaps the single greatest discriminator of gymnastics from other sports. The extreme ranges of motion achieved by gymnasts require long periods of training, often occupying more than a decade. Gymnasts also start training at an early age (particularly female gymnasts), and the effect ...

We tested the hypothesis that children who sustain a supracondylar fracture have a greater range of elbow hyperextension than those with a fracture of the distal radius. Three observers made 358 measurements in 183 children (114 boys and 69 girls). There were 119 fractures of the distal radius and 64 supracondylar fractures. Initially, the group with a supracondylar fracture appeared to have ex...

The meniscal impingement syndrome consists of three elements: impaction on the anterior medial femoral condyle by the leading edge of the medial meniscus, articular cartilage damage of at least Outerbridge grade 3, and knee hyperextension of at least 5 degrees. This report reviews this condition in a series of seven knees with an average follow-up of 39 months. The time from the onset of sympto...

Purpose: Changes in lower extremity alignment in individuals with abnormality of this segments are unclear. The present study aimed to compare lower extremity alignment in subjects with genu valgum and genu varum deformities and healthy subjects  in order to understand the lower extremity alignment changes in this group.  Methods: This was a causal-comparative study. The sample comprised 120 m...

Injury to the carotid artery can occur in athletes by direct blow to the neck or by hyperextension of the neck. After such injury, symptoms may be mild or transient. Catastrophic complications such as stroke can occur if the injury is not recognized and treated. Neurologic changes such as transient weakness or transient unilateral blurred vision that occur after a hyperextension injury or a dir...