The governing equations of generalized magneto-thermoelasticity with hydrostatic initial stress are solved for surface wave solutions. The particular solutions in the half-space are applied to the boundary conditions at the free surface of the half-space to obtain the frequency equation of Rayleigh wave. The frequency equation is approximated for small thermal coupling and small reduced frequen...

The evolution of complexly folded septa in ammonoids has long been a controversial topic. Explanations of the function of these folded septa can be divided into physiological and mechanical hypotheses with the mechanical functions tending to find widespread support. The complexity of the cephalopod shell has made it difficult to directly test the mechanical properties of these structures withou...

The mechanical properties of titanium Grade 2 subjected to the hydrostatic extrusion technique (HE) were investigated. The hydrostatic extrusion technique is a method which refines the titanium grains to a nano-metric size. Compared with coarse grained titanium (CG-Ti), nanocrystalline titanium (NC-Ti) is characterized by a much higher yield stress, tensile strength and microhardness. The yield...

Grinding can introduce surface and subsurface damage into ceramics, which may reduce the load-bearing area, and thus the residual strength of a ground component. In this study, the principle of continuum damage mechanics (CDM) is applied to predicting grinding damage for ceramics. A nonlinear thermodynamic constitutive model is established to describe the response of ceramics to complex grindin...

Soft-bodied organisms with hydrostatic skeletons range enormously in body size, both during the growth of individuals and in the comparison of species. Therefore, body size is an important consideration in an examination of the mechanical function of hydrostatic skeletons. The scaling of hydrostatic skeletons cannot be inferred from existing studies of the lever-like skeletons of vertebrates an...

By far the most common rock testing configuration is axisymmetric compression in which the most compressive principal stress (σ1) is axial and the other two are equal and provide the lateral confinement. Somewhat less common is axisymmetric extension in which the least compressive stress (σ3) is axial and the other two are again equal and provide the lateral confinement. Although these tests ha...

An important property of some metallic alloys, such as NiTi, for technological applications is their coupled thermomechanical shape memory behavior. This is due to temperature-dependent first-order displacive (martensitic) transformations in which their crystal structures transform between a higher symmetry cubic phase and lower symmetry phases (rhombohedral, tetragonal, orthorhombic, or monocl...

Diamond anvil cell techniques are now well established and powerful methods for measuring materials properties to very high pressure. However, high pressure resistivity measurements are challenging because the electrical contacts attached to the sample have to survive to extreme stress conditions. Until recently, experiments in a diamond anvil cell were mostly limited to non-hydrostatic or quas...

Severe soil liquefaction due to a long duration earthquake with low acceleration occurred at Tokyo Bay area in the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. This phenomenon clearly shows that soil liquefaction is affected by properties of input waves. This paper describes effect of wave properties of earthquake on liquefaction using effective stress analysis with some earthquakes. Analyt...

THE FRACTURE of ductile solids has frequently been observed to result from the large growth and coalescence of microscopic voids, a process enhanced by the superposition of hydrostatic tensile stresses on a plastic deformation field. The ductile growth of voids is treated here as a problem in continuum plasticity. First, a variational principle is established to characterize the flow field in a...